问题 问答题 论述题

试述教育与科学技术的关系。

答案

参考答案:

(1)科学技术对教育的影响。

①科学技术对教育的可能影响。

具体地说,科学对教育的作用表现在以下三方面:

A.科学能够改变教育者的观念,科学发展水平决定了教育者的知识水平和知识结构,影响到他们对教育内容、方法的选择和方法的运用,也会影响到他们对教育规律的认识和教育过程中的教育机制。

B.科学能够影响受教育者的数量和教育质量。一方面,科学发展正日益揭示出教育对象的身心发展规律,从而使教育活动遵循这种规律,另一方面,科学的发展及其在教育上的广泛运用,使教育对象得以扩大,每次科学技术的发展都极大地促进了教育数量的发展。

C.科学可以渗透到教育资料的所有环节中去,为教育资料的更新和发展提供各种必要的思想基础和技术条件。学校类型与规模的扩展,教育设施的兴建,教育内容的记载与表达方式,教学用具与器材的创造等,都离不开科学的作用。

②可能的影响转化为现实的影响。科学技术对教育有影响,但是科学并不能自动对教育发生影响。科学能否对教育发生影响,关键在于科学因素是否进入教育过程。主要有两种形式。

A.科学以理论形态进入教育领域,影响教育者的思想观念、思维方式和教育能力。影响教

育的内容。

B.科学以物质实体和操作程序的方式进入教育领域,引起教育的物质资料的更新,从而促进教育的发展。

(2)教育对科学技术发展的作用。科学的发展推动教育的发展,制约着教育发展的水平;同时,教育也对科学的发展起着重要的作用。表现在:

①教育对科学知识的再生产作用。

⑦教育推进科学的体制化。

③教育具有科学研究的功能。

④教育向科学提出将科学成果在教育应用上技术化的要求,从而丰富科学技术的活动,扩大技术的成果。

(3)新科技革命与教育。以电子计算机技术为核心的新科技革命,正不断深化,这是一场信息革命。这场革命推动着社会生产力以前所未有的惊人速度向前发展,推动着社会的政治、经济和文化发生着深刻的革命。同样,这场革命也对教育提出了巨大的挑战。提供了迈向一个新阶段的机遇,深刻改变着人们关于教育的旧有观念。

①能力比知识更重要。

②教育形式个别化。

③培养目标个性化更加受到关注。

阅读理解

True or False (判断下列句子是否符合短文内容,符合的用"T"表示,不符合的用"F"表示):(7分)

Richard is an exchange student from the USA. He is teaching his friends at Rose Garden School how to play Softball. He is explaining the rules.

Richard:     First, we need a bat, a ball and some bases.

Ben:        What are bases?

Richard:     They are flat squares that show you where to run. After you hit the ball, you have to run around the bases.

If you stand on a base, you are safe. If you are running to a base, and the other team touches the base with the ball, then you are out.

Jennifer:     Oh, I see. How would I hit the ball?

Richard:     Have you seen baseball on television?

Jennifer:     I have.

Richard:     Well, Softball is like baseball, only the ball is bigger and softer too.

Jennifer:     Do you like volleyball? I love it.

Richard:     I like to play beach volleyball. It’s different from volleyball.

Ben:        How?

Richard:     In beach volleyball, you only have two people on each team and the court is smaller.                                                                         

Jennifer:     Do you play on the beach?

Richard:     Yes. It’s good because if you dive for the ball, you don’t hurt yourself.

Ben:        Do you play football at your school?

Richard:     Which kind of football?

Jennifer:     I don’t understand there more than one kind? I thought everyone play the same kind of football.

Richard:     No. In the USA, we have football and soccer. Soccer is a game that is played around the world.

In other countries, soccer is called football. In the USA, we also play a different game called football.

In this game, you throw the ball and you have to wear a helmet to play.

Jennifer:     Well, I want to play softball.

小题1: The rules for playing softball are nearly the same as those for playing baseball.

小题2:In a softball game, if your team is running to a base and the other team touches the base with the ball, you are safe.

小题3:A baseball is smaller and harder than a softball.

小题4:Richard is teaching his friends how to play softball.

小题5: According to Richard, playing beach volleyball is much more dangerous than playing volleyball.

小题6: Jennifer thought that the word ’football’ had only one meaning.

小题7:In the USA, ’soccer’ is also called ’football’.

单项选择题