问题 单项选择题

需防霉贮存的中药是()

A.赤芍

B.木通

C.大腹皮

D.桔梗

E.大青叶

答案

参考答案:E

解析:本题主要考查中药贮存中常见变异现象的掌握。虫蛀,是指饮片被成虫蛀蚀,从而降低疗效或失去药用价值的现象。特别是含淀粉、糖类、脂肪、蛋白质等成分的中药饮片,如白芷、北沙参、娑罗子、前胡、大黄、桑螵蛸等较易发生虫蛀。霉变,是指饮片受潮后在适宜温度条件下,引发寄生在其表面或内部的霉菌大量繁殖,导致发霉的现象。霉变对饮片的危害仅次于虫蛀。凡含有糖类、黏液质、淀粉、蛋白质及油类的饮片较易霉变,如牛膝、天冬、马齿苋、槐花、菊花、乌梢蛇、五味子、车前草、独活、紫菀等。此外中药鲜药因含水量较大,也容易发生霉变。

阅读理解

(C)

One thing the tour books don’t tell you about London is that 2000 of its residents are foxes. They ran away from the city about two centuries ago after developers and pollution moved in . But now that the environment is clear the foxes have come home. “The number and variety of wild animals in urban areas is increasing” says Comer Jones. A survey of the wildlife in New York’s Central Park last year counted 14 species of mammals. A similar survey conducted in the 1890s counted only five species. Several changes have brought wild animals to the cities. Foremost is that air and water quality in many cities has improved as a result of the 1970s pollution-control efforts. Meanwhile , rural areas have been built up, leaving many animals on the edges of suburbs. In addition, urban wildlife refuges have been created. The Greater London Council last year spent£750,000 buying land and building 10 permanent wildlife refuges in the city. As a result many birds are now living in the city. For peregrine falcons cities are actually safer than rural cliff dwellings (栖息地). By 1970 the birds had died out east of the Mississippi because of the DDT, which had made their eggs too thin to support life . That year, scientist Tom Cade of Cornell University began raising the birds for release in cities which afforded plenty of food. Cities can attract wild animals without turning them harmful. The trick is to create habitats where they can be self-sufficient but still be seen and appreciated . Such habitats can even be functional. In San Francisco, the local government is testing different kinks of rainwater control basins to see not only which ones retain the cleanest water but which will attract the most birds.

72.The passage is mainly concerned with___________.

A.wildlife returning to large cities     B.foxes returning to London

C.wild animals living in zoos            D.a survey of wildlife in New York

73.It can be inferred from the passage that__________      

A.Londoners are putting more and more wild animals into their zoos

B.Londoners are happy to see wild animals return to their city

C.Londoners are trying to move wild animals back to the countryside

D.Londoners have welcomed the wild birds, but found foxes a problem

74.According to the passage, the number of species of wildlife in New York’s Central Park______

A.is slowly decreasing               B.competes favorably with other cities

C.is on the same level as before  D.has more than doubled in the last century

75.Which of the following is NOT a reason that wildlife returning to the cities?

A.Food is plentiful in the cities

B.Wildlife is appreciated in the cities

C.Wildlife refuges have been built in the cities

D.Air and water quality has improved in the cities

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