问题 问答题

背景资料
某某沿海大桥,其主墩基础有40根桩径为1.55m的钻孔灌注桩,实际成孔深度达50m。桥位区地质为:表层为5m的砾石,以下为37m的卵漂石层,在以下为软岩层。承包商采用下列施工方法进行施工:
场地平整,桩位放样,埋设护筒之后,采用冲击钻进行钻孔。然后设立钢筋骨架,在钢筋笼制作时,采用搭接焊接,当钢筋笼下放后,发现孔底沉淀量超标,但超标量较小,施工人员采用空压机风管进行扰动,使孔底残留沉渣处于悬浮状态。之后,安装导管,导管底口距孔底的距离为35cm,且导管口处于沉淀的淤泥渣之上,对导管进行接头抗拉试验,并用1.5倍的孔内水深压力的水压进行水密承压试验,试验合理后,进行混凝土灌注,混凝土坍落度18cm,混凝土灌注在整个过程中均连续均匀进行。
施工单位考虑到灌注时间较长,在混凝土中加入缓凝剂。首批混凝土灌注后埋置导管的深度为1.2m,在随后的灌注过程中,导管的埋置深度为3m。当灌注混凝土进行到10m时,出现坍孔,此时,施工人员立即用吸泥机进行清理;当灌注混凝土进行到23m时,发现导管埋管,但堵塞长度较短,施工人员采取用型钢插入导管的方法疏通导管;当灌注到27m时,导管挂在钢筋骨架上,施工人员采取了强制提升的方法;进行到32m时,又一次堵塞导管,施工人员在导管始终处于混凝土中的状态下,拔抽抖动导管,之后继续灌注混凝土,直到顺利完成。养生一段时间后发现有断桩事故。
问题:

塞管处理的方法有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

解析:可采用拔抽抖动导管(不可将导管口拔出混凝土面),当所堵塞的导管长度较短时,也可以用型钢插入导管内来疏通导管,也可以在导管上固定附着式振捣器进行振动。

单项选择题 A3/A4型题
单项选择题

Deflation is an economic theory relating changes in the price levels to changes in the quantity of money. In its developed (1) , it constitutes an analysis of the (2) underlying inflation and deflation. As (3) by the English philosopher John Locke in the 17th century, the Scottish (4) David Hume in the 18th century, and (5) , it was a weapon (6) the mercantilists, who were thought to equate wealth with money. If the (7) of money by a nation merely raised (8) , argued the quantity theorists, then a "favourable" balance of trade, (9) desired by mercantilists, would increase the supply of money but would not in-crease (10) . In the 19th century the quantity theory (11) to the ascendancy of free trade over protectionism. In the 19th and 20th centuries it played a part in the (12) of business cycles and in the theory of foreign (13) rates.

The (14) theory came under attack during the 1930s, (15) monetary expansion seemed ineffective in combating deflation. Economists argued that the levels of investment and government spending were more important than the money supply in determining economic activity.

The tide of opinion (16) again in the 1960s, when experience (17) post-World WarⅡ inflation and new empirical (18) of money and prices— (19) A Monetary History of the United States (1963) by Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz—restored much of the quantity theory’ s lost prestige. One implication of this theory is that the size of the stock of money must be considered when shaping governmental policies (20) to control prices and maintain full employment.

7()

A.accumulation

B.earn

C.spending

D.disposal