问题 多项选择题

关于晚期梅毒的描述,正确的是()

A.梅毒性树胶肿是三期梅毒的标志,也是破坏性最大的一种损害

B.梅毒性纤维瘤,为生长缓慢的皮下小结节,常有触痛

C.晚期梅毒可使任何一个内脏受累,但以心血管梅毒最常见

D.是早期梅毒侵害的继续,多见感染后3-20年发病

E.晚期骨梅毒发病率仅次于皮肤粘膜损害

答案

参考答案:A, B, C, D, E

单项选择题

艾滋病这个被称为“当代瘟疫”、“新世纪人类健康头号杀手”的绝症早已引起人们的高度关注,它对人类政治、经济和社会安定的负面影响越来越凸现出来。
艾滋病发源于非洲,它的全称为获得性免疫缺陷综合征,是一种由逆转录病毒引起的人体免疫防御系统方面的疾病。人一旦感染上艾滋病病毒,人体免疫系统的防御功能就会减退。病原体以及微生物就会乘机经血液或破损伤口长驱直人;人体中一些不正常的细胞,如癌细胞也乘机大量生长、繁殖,发展成各类癌瘤。艾滋病病毒又称人类免疫缺陷病毒(简称HIV),呈袋状球形,直径约150毫微米,由皮肤破口或黏膜进入人体血液,主要攻击和破坏T4淋巴细胞,使T4细胞失去原有的正常免疫功能。由于HIV的攻击和破坏,T4细胞数量骤减,从而导致病人免疫功能的全面[ ],为条件性感染创造了极为有利的条件。同时,HIV携带的致癌基因可使细胞发生癌性转化,特别是在细胞免疫遭到破坏的情况下,细胞更容易发生癌变。艾滋病的潜伏期因人而异,为6个月到14年,比一般的传染病长。艾滋病感染可以分三个阶段:最初的HIV感染,继之有的发展为艾滋病相关综合征,最终有的演变成典型的艾滋病。
实验室中,已从病人的血液、唾液、眼泪、乳汁、尿液和脑脊液中分离出了艾滋病病毒,但从流行病学证据的角度来看,只能证明血液和精液具有传播作用。艾滋病的传播主要有以下途径:男性之间以及异性之间的性接触,输血感染,静脉注射感染,母婴传染。此外,和艾滋病病人接触的职业人员(如医务人员、警察、理发师、监狱看守、殡葬人员),如果皮肤破损时,接触到了艾滋病病毒,则可能被感染。
艾滋病蔓延很快,在短短的20多年的时间里,全世界共有4000万人感染了艾滋病病毒,而且目前尚无特效治疗药。但是,采取一定的预防措施,加强对艾滋病的检测检疫,加强血液制品、医疗器具以及医疗垃圾的管理,加强对艾滋病知识的宣传和普及,是可以遏制艾滋病的快速蔓延,减少其发病率的。

下列说法不符合文义的一项是( )。

A.艾滋病感染者经过一定的潜伏期都会发展成典型的艾滋病患者

B.性接触、输血感染、静脉注射感染以及母婴传染等是艾滋病的主要传播途径

C.与艾滋病病人接触的职业人员,如果皮肤出现破损,则可能被感染

D.在目前的情况下,加强对艾滋病知识的宣传和普及能有效地遏制艾滋病迅速蔓延

单项选择题

There (1) not one type of reading but several according to your reasons for reading. To read carefully, you have to (2) your reading speed and technique (3) your aim (4) reading. Skimming is a technique necessary for quick and efficient reading.

When skimming, you (5) the reading (6) quickly in order to get the (7) of it, to know how it is organized, (8) an idea of the tone or the intention of the writer. Skimming is (9) an activity which (10) an overall view of the text and (11) a definite reading competence.

Skimming doesn’t need reading all the material, but it doesn’t mean that it is an (12) skill for the lazy, because it need a high degree of alertness and concentration.

When you read, you usually start with (13) understanding and move towards detailed understanding rather than working the other way round. But (14) is also used after you have already carefully studied and you need to (15) the major ideas and concepts.

In order to be able to skim quickly and (16) through a text, you should know where to look for what you want. In preview skimming you read the introductory information, the headings and subheadings, and the summary, if one is provided. (17) this skimming, decide whether to read the material more thoroughly, and select the appropriate speed (18) you read.

The same procedure (19) for preview skimming could also be used to get an overview. Another method would be to read only key words. This is done by omitting the unnecessary words, phrases, and sentences.

In order to skim efficiently and fulfill your purpose, (20) practice is necessary.

15().

A.reverse

B.review

C.revise

D.revert