问题 单项选择题

单侧多根多处肋骨骨折最严重的生理改变是()

A.疼痛,呼吸运动减弱

B.胸壁软化,反常呼吸

C.咳嗽,血痰

D.严重皮下气肿

E.出血,休克

答案

参考答案:B

解析:多根多处肋骨骨折将使局部胸壁失去完整肋骨支撑而软化,出现反常呼吸运动,即吸气时软化区胸壁内陷,呼气时外突,又称为连枷胸。连枷胸的反常呼吸可使伤侧肺受到塌陷胸壁的压迫,呼吸时两侧胸腔压力的不均衡造成纵隔扑动,影响肺通气,导致体内缺氧和二氧化碳滞留,严重时可发生呼吸和循环衰竭,连枷胸常伴有广泛肺挫伤、挫伤区域的肺间质或肺泡水肿导致氧弥散障碍,出现低氧血症。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Andy was still traveling in Spain when he realized he had to confirm (确认) his flight home with the airline

company (航空公司). He was visiting Spain in order to improve his Spanish. When he was speaking to people

face to face, he had no difficulty understanding what they said. However, when he was speaking on the phone,

he still had a problem. Andy called the airline. And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o'clock

three days from that day. She also told Andy to be at the airport two hours earlier in order to check in his

luggage and get a seat.

    Since he was leaving in three days, Andy didn't lose any time. He visited as many places as he could. He

thought that it would probably be a while before he had enough money again. He wished he could come back

and spend a year in Spain.

    Too quickly, the final day arrived. Andy left early for the airport to arrive two hours before take-off. He

hated to rush. He went to the clerk to show his ticket. The clerk looked at the ticket in surprise. "Why, sir, but

your flight was at nine o'clock in the morning, and now it is eight in the evening." "But I confirmed my flight,"

insisted Andy. "Will I have to pay for another ticket?" 

    "No, sir. However, the next flight out will be three days from now." 

    Andy's look of shock turned to pleasure as he realized that now he could continue his vacation.

1. Why was Andy in Spain?[ ]

A. He was there on a business trip.

B. He hoped to learn Spanish better.

C. He liked to visit places of interest in Spain.

D. He was visiting friends there

2. Andy missed his flight because _____.[ ]

A. he forgot his flight time

B. the clerk gave him the wrong time of his flight

C. the clerk misunderstood him

D. he misunderstood the clerk

3. Which word can best describe the feeling of Andy when he came to know that his stay in Spain would

    be longer? [ ]

A. happy

B. shocked

C. upset

D. angry

4. What can we infer from the passage? [ ]

A. Travellers always have to confirm the time of flight with airline companies by phone call.

B. It's more difficult for Andy to understand others in Spanish face to face than on the phone.

C. Andy was enjoying himself when visiting places in Spain.

D. Andy would spend the next three days at the airport.

填空题