问题 问答题 案例分析题

在历史上,自由是人们关注的一个重大问题。阅读材料,回答下列问题。

材料一

美国历史学家伊迪丝·汉弥尔顿说,古希腊人走在人类的前面,那时人们可以自由地进行思考并发表识见,于是“世界第一次有了思想自由”。

材料二

明朝后期,李贽认为,“夫私者,人之心也。”“穿衣吃饭,即是人伦物理。”“性(即本性)者,心所生也,亦非一种已也。”“咸以孔子之是非为是非,故未尝有是非耳。”

材料三

启蒙思想家伏尔泰说:我不同意你说的每一个字,但是我愿意誓死捍卫你说话的权利;谁大胆思维,谁就有自由。孟德斯鸠认为:自由只能在国家的权力不被滥用的时候才存在。

材料四

1895年3月,严复在谈到西方国家富强原因时指出:“苟求其故,则彼以自由为体,以民主为用。”20世纪初,严复指出:“特观我国今处之形,则小己(个人)自由,尚非所急……所急者乃国群(国家)自由。”

根据材料二,概括李贽的主要观点。其社会根源是什么?

答案

参考答案:

主张个性自由、多样;反对权威(或是非标准随时代变化而变化)。

社会根源:商品经济的发展,礼法约束受到冲击。

多项选择题
完形填空
完形填空
     John and Mary had a nice home and two lovely children, a boy and a girl. John had a good __1__ and had just been asked to go on a business trip to another city and it was __2__ that Mary needed an outing and would go along too. They __3__ a reliable woman to care for the children and made the __4__,
returning home a little earlier than they had planned.
     __5__ they drove into their home town, they found a home in flames. Mary said, "Oh well, it isn't our
fire; let's go home."
     __6__ John drove closer and exclaimed (惊叫), "That home belongs to Fred Jones who works at the plant. He wouldn't be __7__ work yet. Maybe there is something we could do."
     John drove up and they were both __8__ to see the whole house in flames. A woman on the lawn was in hysterics __9__, "The children! Get the children! They are in the basement."
     __10__ Mary's protests (反对), John grabbed the water hose and soaked (浸湿)his clothes, put his
wet handkerchief on his head and __11__ for the basement which was full of __12__. He found two
nearly suffocated (窒息的)children and after carrying them to safety, he asked how many more children
were __13__ there. They told him two more and Mary __14__ his arm and screamed, "John! Don't go
back! It's __15__! That house will cave in any second!"
     But he shook her off and went back by __16__ his way down the smokefilled hallway and into the
room. It __17__ a long time before he found both children and started back and at last when they came
out into the__18__ and fresh air, he found that he had just __19__ his own children.
     It turned out that the babysitter had __20__ them at this home while she did some shopping.
(    )1. A.job
(    )2. A.known
(    )3. A.asked
(    )4. A.preparations
(    )5. A.Before
(    )6. A.And
(    )7. A.off
(    )8. A.heart-broken
(    )9. A.coughing
(    )10. A.Apart from
(    )11. A.reached
(    )12. A.smoke
(    )13. A.up
(    )14. A.pulled
(    )15. A.dangerous
(    )16. A.pushing
(    )17. A.meant
(    )18. A.shade
(    )19. A.helped
(    )20. A.left
B. family
B. believed
B. hired
B. promise
B. As
B. So
B. on
B. conscience-stricken
B. screaming
B. In case of
B. searched
B. darkness
B. away
B. took
B. useless
B. feeling
B. spared
B. sunlight
B. found
B. charged
B. family
B. believed
B. hired
B. promise
B. As
B. So
B. on
B. conscience-stricken
B. screaming
B. In case of
B. searched
B. darkness
B. away
B. took
B. useless
B. feeling
B. spared
B. sunlight
B. found
B. charged
D. boss
D. hoped
D. reminded
D. trip
D. Since
D. But
D. at
D. poverty-stricken
D. weeping
D. In spite of
D. sent
D. danger
D. down
D. held
D. stupid
D. moving
D. seemed
D. crowd
D. rescued
D. forgotten