问题 单项选择题

冯友兰在《中国哲学史》一书中写道:(明清)在这个时期,在某些方面,中国的文化有了重大进展。官方方面,程朱学派的地位甚至比前朝更为巩固。非官方方面,对程朱学派和陆王学派在清朝都发生了重大的反动。这里的“反动”是指()

A.宋明理学的统治地位丧失

B.对传统儒学地位的彻底否定

C.对传统儒家思想的批判继承

D.倡导“自由”“平等”的思想

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

解答本题的关键在于正确解读材料。材料主要是讲官方正统思想是程朱理学,非官方出现了有悖于程朱理学的思想。联系明清时期的史实可知,李贽、黄宗羲、顾炎武、王夫之等进步思想家批判程朱理学,实际上是儒学在新的历史条件下的新发展,是对传统儒家思想的批判继承,而不是彻底否定,也未动摇儒学的正统地位,排除A、B、D三项而选择C项。

考点:明清批判思潮

点评:明清时期由于商品经济的发展和宋明理学的僵化腐朽,出现了以李贽和明末清初三大思想家为代表的批判思想家。明清时期进步的思想家提出了反对宋明理学、反对君主专制的要求,主张发展工商业等主张,被称为进步思潮。与此相关的知识点如明清之际进步思潮出现的背景、主要内容实质等也需要掌握。

阅读理解

根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F)。

     There was a young man named Bill in England. Before leaving school, he began to look for a job.

Few companies needed new clerks due to the financial crisis (金融危机) at that time. It became harder

and harder to find a job. Luckily, a chance camp up to him. A company wanted to employ (雇用) one

person. He and the other twenty people joined in the first interview (面试). After that, three persons

were allowed to enter the final test which would decide one person to be employed in the end. Bill was

lucky to be among them. On the day of the second interview, Bill and the others arrived at the company

on time. To their surprise, the interview was very easy. The interviewer only had a free talk with them,

and then asked them to go back home waiting for the result. The next morning, Bill received a letter from

the company which said he wasn't accepted. Certainly, he felt disappointed. On the evening of that day,

Bill surprisingly received another letter, which said he was employed. But why was he accepted? As a

matter of fact, the first letter sent to Bill was also part of the test. Every one of them got a letter which

had the same meaning that morning. Only Bill replied with "Thank you" while the others said nothing.

      Life isn't all fun. There is always something making us unhappy. When you feel disappointed, please

say "Thank you" to the person who disappoints you. That shows your great generosity (宽容) and

politeness to others. If you do so, you'll have more chances than others.

( )1. Bill was a student during the financial crisis.                                        

( )2. Twenty people wanted to get the job.                                                    

( )3. Bill felt amazed when he received the second letter.                                    

( )4. All the three people were employed by the company.                                      

( )5. From the passage, we know that to be generous and polite can help you get more chances.

单项选择题