问题 问答题 案例分析题

近代以来崛起的大国中,德国是一个非常独特的国家,有过辉煌,也有过失败;有过深刻的教训,也有宝贵的经验。其崛起的顽强、进取和反思精神令人感佩。

材料一:普鲁士19世纪60、70年代的胜利,为1918年和1945年的失败打下了基础。

——汉斯·科恩《历史评价》

材料二:社会市场经济模式较好地兼顾了“效率”和’‘公平”两大困扰人类发展的难题,它同其他各种因素一起,推动联邦德国经济较快地发展。从1951年到1971年,联邦德国的国内生产总值增长了5倍多,平均每年增长6.1%。在西方发达国家中仅次于日本。其中50年代经济发展呈现飞跃状态,年平均增长率达7.2%—8.8%,被国内外誉为“经济奇迹”。

——余伟民、郑寅达《现代文明的发展与选择》

材料三:西方现代化经过几百年的发展,其优势与弊端都已经十分清楚。二战后人们企图修补这个社会,修补在两个方向上进行,一是修补资本主义,二是修正民族国家。修正的方向是企图“超越”民族国家,但并不是消灭民族国家。

——钱乘旦《不平衡发展:20世纪历史与现代化》

根据材料二并结合所学知识,扼要指出20世纪五、六十年代联邦德国的经济态势。结合具体内容分析社会市场经济模式为何能“较好地兼顾了‘效率’和‘公平’”。

答案

参考答案:

态势:德国经济迅速恢复和发展,并成为西欧经济的“火车头”。较好兼顾的原因:让市场充分发挥调节作用;限制垄断行为,保护竞争秩序;实行稳定的财政政策和货币政策;建立完善的社会保障制度,保障人民的基本生活

解析:依据材料二中“从1951年到1971年,联邦德国的国内生产总值增长了5倍多,平均每年增长6.1%。在西方发达国家中仅次于日本。其中50年代经济发展呈现飞跃状态,年平均增长率达7.2%—8.8%,被国内外誉为‘经济奇迹’”可概括归纳出20世纪五、六十年代联邦德国的经济态势是德国经济迅速恢复和发展,并成为西欧经济的“火车头”。社会市场经济模式的主要特点是,自由竞争与政府控制并存、经济杠杆与政府引导并用、经济增长与社会福利并重。因而,也可以将这种模式称为“政府引导型市场经济”。在回答时结合自由竞争与政府控制来回答即可。

阅读理解

Welcome to the Grand Hotel. To make your stay as enjoyable as possible, we hope you will use our facilities(设备)to the full.

Dining-room

Breakfast is served in the dining-room from 8 to 9 a.m. The room staff will bring breakfast to your room at any time after 7 a.m. In this case, please fill out a card and hang it outside your door when you go to bed.

Lunch: 12 to 2:30 p.m..

Dinner: 7:30 to 9 p.m.

Room service

This operates 24 hours. Phone the Reception Desk, and your message will be passed to the room staff.

Telephones

To make a phone call, dial(拨号)0 for the Reception Desk to be connected.

Shop

The hotel shop is open from 9 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.

Laundry(洗衣房)

We have a laundry in the building, and will wash, iron and return your clothes within 24 hours. Ask the room staff to collect them.

Bar(酒吧)

The hotel bar is open from 12 to 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. to 1 a.m.

Banking

The Reception staff will cash checks and change money in many foreign currencies (货币).

小题1:.

The above service notice can be seen ______.

A.in a hotel dining-room

B.in a restaurant

C.in a bedroom of a large international hotel

D.at the entrance of a small family hotel小题2:.

.You have arrived and stayed at the hotel. It is 11 p.m. and you want a snack (快餐). What should you do?

A.Go to the hotel shop.

B.Go to the hotel bar.

C.Hang a message outside your door.

D.Phone the hotel shop assistants.小题3:.

Which of the following is TRUE?

A.You can’t have your breakfast in your room.

B.You can make a phone call in your bedroom.

C.Lunch is served from 12 to 2 p. m.

D.You can have dinner at midnight.小题4:.

Which is NOT mentioned in this service notice?

A.Washing clothes.

B.Booking tickets.

C.Drinking.

D.Changing money.

问答题 简答题