问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一:史学家顾颉刚说:“秦始皇的统一思想是不要人民读书,他的手段是刑罚的制裁;汉武帝的统一思想是要人民只读一种书,他的手段是利禄的引诱。”

——《中国历史众生相》

材料二:“臣愚以为诸不在六艺之科孔子之术者,皆绝其道,勿使并进。邪辟之说灭息,然后统纪可一而法度可明,民知所从矣。”

——董仲舒

材料三:“天下之务莫大于恤民,而恤民之本,在人君正心术以立纪纲。讲明义理之归,闭塞私邪之路,然后乃可得而正。”

——朱熹

材料四:“仲尼虽圣,效之则颦,学之则为步,丑妇之贱态。”

——李贽

不同的手段分别带来哪两种不同的后果?对此你有何看法?

答案

参考答案:

秦是对文化的摧残,是其暴政而亡的原因之一;后者使儒家思想成为封建统治思想,加强了中央集权,政治统一。言之有理即可:如统治者要疏不要堵等。

解析:本问考查焚书坑儒与“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”影响。焚书坑儒与“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”都是属于思想文化专制,但焚书坑儒是野蛮的,对其文化的摧残,而“罢黜百家、独尊儒术”并不是对各流派文化的破坏,仅是使儒学成为正统思想,是引导的方式,并不是禁止,适用了大一统的需要,在一定程度上推动思想文化的发展。第二小问,应从两种不同的方式的影响方面分析阐述,言之有理即可。

完形填空

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     David was a doctor. He spent   1   time in playing when he was in the medical college. Of course, he
learned nothing. Later on he tried to find a   2   in the cities, but he failed. He   3   return to his hometown.
It was   4  and there was only one hospital in it. He thought he knew much and looked down upon (瞧不
起) his   5  . But soon the patients found he was not a good doctor   6   few asked him to look them
over. He knew but he didn't   7  .
     One day a traveler came into his office. The man caught a cold and wanted some   8  . David hoped
to be paid more and looked over one of the traveler's eyes   9  . "Oh dear!" called out David, "You have
a bad heart disease. You should be in hospital and only I can help you!" "Please   10   my right eye, sir,"
said the traveler, "the left one is false (假的)."
( )1.A. much  
( )2.A. doctor  
( )3.A. must  
( )4.A. new    
( )5.A. parents
( )6.A. but    
( )7.A. say    
( )8.A. money  
( )9.A. quickly
( )10.A. look at
B. a little  
B. job      
B. should    
B. big      
B. patients  
B. and      
B. fight    
B. food      
B. carefully
B. look for  
C. no      
C. hospital
C. had to  
C. small    
C. friends
C. however
C. believe
C. drink  
C. softly  
C. look after
D. little    
D. friend    
D. had better
D. beautiful
D. workmates
D. because  
D. mind      
D. medicine  
D. careful  
D. look like
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