问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读下列材料:

公元前6世纪左右,中国、印度、希腊三个文明中心几乎同时进入思想繁荣时期,哲学思考十分活跃,都开始思考生命、社会之目的及其意义等重大课题。不过他们得出的答案大相径庭,从而使地中海文明、南亚文明和东亚文明就此分道扬镳。中国哲学长期集中在对社会性和政治性的人的考察上,这是一种压倒一切的“人道主义”,它着重的是社会而非个人,这与古印度、地中海文明强调神及彼岸世界的哲学传统形成了鲜明的对照。

——美·费正清《中国的传统与社会》

请回答:

在某种程度上说,人类历史是一个“人不断解放”的过程。到18世纪末时,人类为解放自身在生产力、思想观念、政治地位方面做了哪些努力?

答案

参考答案:

努力:生产力:工业革命,使人的双手获得极大解放。

思想观念:进行了文艺

复兴、宗教改革、启蒙运动等反封建的文化运动,使人的精神得到极大解放。

政治地位进行革命或改革,建立并完善了资产阶级民主法制。

单项选择题 B型题
单项选择题

Questions 3—4 are based on the following:
Magazine editor: I know that some of our regular advertisers have been pressuring us to give favorable mention to their products in our articles, but they should realize that for us to yield to their wishes would actually be against their interests. To remain an effective advertising vehicle we must have loyal readership, and we would soon lose that readership if our readers suspect that our editorial integrity has been compromised by pandering to advertisers.
Advertising-sales director: You underestimate the sophistication of our readers. They recognize that the advertisements we carry are not articles, so their response to the advertisements has never depended on their opinion of the editorial integrity of the magazine as a whole.

Which one of the following is the most accurate assessment of the advertising-sales director’s argument as a response to the magazine editor’s argument

A.It succeeds because it shows that the editor’s argument depends on an unwarranted assumption about factors affecting an advertisement’s effectiveness.

B.It succeeds because it exposes as mistaken the editor’s estimation of the sophistication of the magazine’s readers.

C.It succeeds because it undermines the editor’s claim about how the magazine’s editorial integrity should be affected by allowing advertisers to influence articles.

D.It fails because the editor’s argument does not depend on any assumption about readers’ response to the advertisements they see in the magazine.

E.(E) It fails because it is based on a misunderstanding of the editor’s view about how readers respond to advertisements they see in the magazine.