问题 多项选择题

我国水利水电工程规划设计和管理中常用的费用分摊方法主要有()。

A.按各功能利用建设项目的某些指标的比例分摊

B.按各功能最优等效替代方案费用现值的比例分摊

C.按各功能可获得效益现值的比例分摊

D.按“可分离费用+剩余效益法”分摊

答案

参考答案:A, B, C

解析:目前,国内外使用和学者们研究过的费用分摊方法有30多种,我国水利水电工程规划设计和管理中常用的方法主要有以下几种:①按各功能利用建设项目的某些指标,如水量、库容等比例分摊。②按各功能最优等效替代方案费用现值的比例分摊。③按各功能可获得效益现值的比例分摊。④按“可分离费用-剩余效益法”分摊。⑤当项目各功能的主次关系明显,其主要功能可获得的效益占项目总效益的比例很大时,可由项目主要功能承担大部分费用,次要功能只承担其可分离费用或其专用工程费用。对特别重要的综合利用水利建设项目,可同时选用23种.费用分摊方法进行计算,选取较合理的分摊成果。

单项选择题

Never mind the obesity epidemic—Canada is (31) with an epidemic of bad ideas on how to fight obesity. The latest is to treat fast-food restaurants as if they were (32) to porn shops, and (33) them from—or at least limit their numbers in—neighbourhoods with schools or hospitals.
That idea is one of many (34) by a group of medical doctors in an article published this week in the Canadian Medical Association Journal. The doctors, (35) by the cardiologist Mark Eisenberg of McGill University, seem to view a bag of potato chips as the moral (36) of a package of cigarettes. They (37) propose the use of graphic warnings for junk food, similar to (38) on cigarette packages," which now have pictures of a dying cancer (39) on them. They would discuss a (40) on junk foods. Salt they suggest removing from processed foods not (41) , so that no one notices, but fast enough to destroy the enticing taste.
There is a logical end to this kind of thinking: men skulking on street corners (42) hamburgers under their trench coats, even as a massive bureaucracy decides how to separate junk foods from (43) ones, for the purposes of launching a fusillade of taxes. (The authors even envision a utopia in which people snack on "trail mix, apple slices and granola bars. ")
Canada does not need a dietitian-in-chief. It doesn’t need healthy-food enforcement officers. People in a democracy should be (44) to make bad choices, even ones as reprehensible as scarfing chips or swilling sugary pop. These choices are different from cigarette smoking, which creates (45) effects on others.

A. therefore B. nevertheless C. again D. even

A new report on children’s inactivity suffers from a similar flaw. Active Healthy Kids Canada complains that 72 percent of youth from the age of 5 to 19 do not have (46) to after-school programs. But why should 19-year-olds, or even the bulk of 14-year-olds, need such regimentation The attitude seems to be that only the government can (47) children from bad habits. How the state is supposed to program the pounds off today’s children is not explained.
Demonizing smoking is very different from demonizing obesity, (48) is a condition, not a behaviour. It is influenced by (49) factors. Shaming and blaming, taxing and banning, will not work. We need to promote greater (50) , at all ages, and all weights, and keep in mind that the heavy hand of the state is not the answer to every ill.

填空题