问题 问答题 简答题

“天体至圆,万物做到极精妙者,无有不圆。”

◎梁恩成(建筑史学家)讲中国建筑史时,曾提到一个猜测:赵州桥在河底里可能还有另一半拱形建筑,与水上的拱形合成一个“鸡蛋”,因而这个椭圆结构特别坚固。可以说,赵州桥不仅是古代建筑科技的创举,也是造型艺术的杰作。

◎吴冠中(画家)评王维的诗是诗中有画。他说:“大漠孤烟直”,表现大漠空无所有,只需一线横跨画面;无风,孤烟上升,形成一道纵直线。“长河落日圆”,长河是一道弯弯的长曲线,落日是一个圆圈。王维这两句诗书写大漠的苍茫、浩瀚和华丽,显示了形式美中直与曲对照的魅力。

◎张志俊(陈氏太极拳传人)讲解:太极拳里有种“缠丝劲”,是弧中求直的攻击技术。这就像炮管或枪管中的“来福线”,能使弹头出膛后螺旋飞行,增加其稳定性、准确性和杀伤力。太极拳非圆即弧,弧中求直,这是达到一定境界后的美妙感觉。

选且仅选一段材料,分析其中体现了哪些辩证法原理。

答案

参考答案:

选择赵州桥。

①普遍联系赵州桥的建造创举与造型设计,反映了科技与艺术的比翼连理。

②对立统一在对赵州桥水面上下两拱合璧的想象中,两拱既是反向、对立着的矛盾双方,又是上下合成椭圆结构、相互依存的整体,这使人感觉石桥受力分散均匀,造型具有美感。

提示:选择王维的诗。联系;对立统一。(选择太极拳。规律统一性;对立统一。

解析:

本题以中华传统艺术的圆美理想为北京材料,既考查学生的相关哲学知识,也考查学生的阅读理解归纳方面的能力。解答本题学生必须首先确定要选取的一段文字,通过对该段文字的理解,找出其中的关键词语,来确定答题所用的具体知识点。对于描述赵州桥的这段文字,学生要注意其中的“赵州桥不仅是古代建筑科技的创举,也是造型艺术的杰作”,表明事物是普遍联系的;“赵州桥在河底里可能还有另一半拱形建筑,与水上的拱形合成一个‘鸡蛋’,因而这个椭圆结构特别坚固”,体现了对立统一的观点。对于描述王维的诗的这段描述,学生要注意其中的“王维这两句诗书写大漠的苍茫、浩瀚和华丽,显示了形式美中直与曲对照的魅力”,表明事物是普遍联系的;“诗中有画”,体现了对立统一的观点。对于描述太极拳的这段话,学生要注意其中的“太极拳的弧中求直攻击技术像炮管或枪管中的‘来福线’,能使弹头出膛后螺旋飞行,增加其稳定性、准确性和杀伤力”,体现了事物规律统一性的问题;“弧中求直”则体现了对立统一的观点。

考点:本题考查对立统一、普遍联系、规律统一性等方面的知识。

完形填空
完型填空。
  Wang Ling, a middle school girl, felt angry with her parents after getting a boy's phone call. " A class
mate called me to discuss homework. We talked    1    just a few minutes before my parents got mad,"said
the girl.  "They asked whether I liked the boy.  I said I didn't,    2    they wouldn't believe me. "
  Wang's trouble is not strange at all because puppy love(早恋) becomes a big headache for    3   
parents and schools. They worry that puppy love will be bad for    4   . Her school makes it a rule not to
allow any talk or any physical contact(身体接触)    5    one boy and one girl alone. .
  Many students say they understand    6    parents and teachers are so nervous about puppy love. But
some think they are going too far. "We have our own thoughts and we know what to   7   with it,"said
Wang Ling.
  Another girl, Jiang Ting, liked making friends with boys. "Boys and girls can learn from each other,"
she said. " My mother asks me to study hard. However, she   8   stops me from making friends with boys.
" Once Jiang told her mother she might fall in love with a boy.  Her mother let Jiang make   9   own
decision.  Soon Jiang found that she didn't like him any more because the boy was not as  10   as what she
had thought before. And she did worse and worse, in her subjects because she spent much on it. At last
she understood the worry from schools and most parents about puppy love.
( )1. A. for    
( )2. A. because
( )3. A. both  
( )4. A. game  
( )5. A. during
( )6. A. how    
( )7. A. play  
( )8. A. never  
( )9. A. its    
( )10. A. good  
B. in    
B. if    
B. none  
B. study  
B. between
B. what  
B. live  
B. already
B. my    
B. bad    
C. with  
C. but  
C. either
C. match
C. around
C. who  
C. do    
C. ever  
C. his  
C. heavy
D. to      
D. and      
D. neither  
D. housework
D. about    
D. why      
D. fill    
D. just    
D. her      
D. thin    
配伍题 B1型题