问题 单项选择题 共用题干题

男孩8岁,1998年因发热1周,伴畏寒,头痛呕吐1次,纳差,便秘4天,无腹痛,病前吃私人制的冰棒。体检:体温38.8℃,神志清,淡漠,舌苔厚,心肺无异常,腹略胀,肝肋下2cm,脾肋下3cm,躯干见数个淡红色斑丘疹,压之退色。

(假设信息)入院后检查结果为血培养阴性,外斐试验阴性,嗜异凝集试验阴性,血常规白细胞数4.2×109 /L,中性粒细胞0.76,嗜酸粒细胞为0,大便病毒分离阴性,血肝功能检查总胆红素17μmol/L,一分钟胆红素6μmol/L,ALT80U,AST40U,肥达反应O效价1:80,H效价1:160。根据上述情况,该病人最可能的诊断是()

A.伤寒

B.病毒感染

C.急性病毒肝炎

D.血吸虫病

E.钩端螺旋体病

答案

参考答案:A

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的小说,回答题。

黑羊

卡尔维诺

从前有个国家,里面人人是贼。

一到傍晚,他们手持万能钥匙和遮光灯笼出门,走到邻居家里行窃。破晓时分,他们提着偷来的东西回到家里,总能发现自己家也失窃了。

他们就这样幸福地居住在一起。没有不幸的人,因为每个人都从别人那里偷东西,别人又再从别人那里偷,依次下去,直到最后一个人去第一个窃贼家行窃。该国贸易也就不可避免地是买方和卖方的双向欺骗。政府是个向臣民行窃的犯罪机构,而臣民也仅对欺骗政府感兴趣。所以日子倒也平稳,没有富人和穷人。

有一天——到底是怎么回事没人知道——总之是有个诚实人到了该地定居。到晚上,他没有携袋提灯地出门,却呆在家里抽烟读小说。

贼来了,见灯亮着,就没进去。

这样持续了有一段时间。后来他们感到有必要向他挑明一下,纵使他想什么都不做地过日子,可他没理由妨碍别人做事。他天天晚上呆在家里,这就意味着有一户人家第二天没了口粮。

诚实人感到他无力反抗这样的逻辑。从此他也像他们一样,晚上出门,次日早晨回家,但他不行窃。他是诚实的。对此,你是无能为力的。他走到远处的桥上,看河水打桥下流过。每次回家,他都会发现家里失窃了。

不到一星期,诚实人就发现自己已经一文不名了;他家徒四壁,没任何东西可吃。但这可能算不了什么,因为那是他自己的错;不,问题是他的行为使其他人很不安。因为他让别人偷走了他的一切却不从别人那儿偷任何东西;这样总有人在黎明回家时,发现家里没被动过——那本该是由诚实人进去行窃的。不久以后,那些没有被偷过的人家发现他们比人家就富了,就不想再行窃了。更糟的是,那些跑到诚实人家里去行窃的人,总发现里面空空如也,因此他们就变穷了。

同时,富起来的那些人和诚实人一样,养成了晚上去桥上的习惯,他们也看河水打桥下流过。这样,事态就更混乱了,因为这意味着更多的人在变富,也有更多的人在变穷。

现在,那些富人发现,如果他们天天去桥上,他们很快也会变穷的。他们就想“我们去雇那些穷的去替我们行窃吧。”他们签下合同,敲定了工资和如何分成。自然,他们依然是贼,依然互相欺骗。但形势表明,富人是越来越富,穷人是越来越穷。

有些人富裕得已经根本无须亲自行窃或雇人行窃就可保持富有。但一旦他们停止行窃的话,他们就会变穷,因为穷人会偷他们。因此他们又雇了穷人中的最穷者来帮助他们看守财富,以免遭穷人行窃,这就意味着要建立警察局和监狱。

因此,在那诚实人出现后没几年,人们就不再谈什么偷盗或被偷盗了,而只说穷人和富人;但他们个个都还是贼。

唯一诚实的只有开头的那个人,但他不久便死了,饿死的。

小题1:下列对小说的概括和分析,最不恰当的两项是(   )(  )(5分)

A.意大利作家卡尔维诺,被誉为“二十世纪意大利最重要的作家之一。”本篇《黑羊》采用了象征(影射)的手法,可谓典型的寓言类小说。《黑羊》中所描摹的一切,貌似荒诞,实则离我们的现实生活很近。

B.小说中“诚实人”的生活遭遇不是现实中发生的事情,它是“虚构”的;但它引起了我们对与之类似的社会现象诸如社会秩序、贫富现象等方面的思考,这是一种具有审美魅力的真实。虚构不等于生活真实,但它是一种更深刻的真实。

C.这篇小说介绍了一个“偷盗国”,人人行窃和被窃,形成平衡循环,但诚实的人的出现,导致了这个国家的混乱,暗示我们社会游戏的规则需要每个人都自觉遵守,谁违反了游戏的规则,谁就会得到相应的惩罚。

D.黑羊用英语说就是“blacksheep”,意为“败家子,败类,害群之马”,在文中,它借指那个“唯一诚实的人”,小说以“黑羊”为题,用的是反讽的手法,作者用这样的方式体现了对这类人的否定。E. 在不正常的社会里,正常的反而不正常,不正常的反而正常。任何不正常都带有潜规则,谁要是触犯了这些规则,就要受到惩罚。小说对公众的一切标准之中的不合理性的一面做出了无情的鞭挞和深刻的嘲弄。

小题2:“看河水打桥下流过的”的描写重复出现,其作用有什么不同?请作简要分析。(6分)

小题3:诚实人品性中除诚实,还有哪些特点?作者主要采用哪种表现手法刻画这个人物?请简要分析。(6分)

小题4:卡尔维诺的小说从独特的视角表达深刻而复杂的寓意。请结合文本谈谈小说《黑羊》深刻而复杂的寓意。(8分)

阅读理解

       Last week I visited my friend Pete in the new home where he lives with his wife and daughter. Pete

used to spend his holidays travelling the world, visiting the pyramids in Egypt or scuba diving(潜水) in the

Caribbean. Nowadays he prefers to spend his holidays and weekends making his house look more

beautiful. Like hundreds of thousands of other British people, he has discovered the joy of DIY (Do It

Yourself), which means if there are any things that need fixing around the house, he will try to do the job

himself.

       As he showed me the new kitchen he put together by himself and the newly painted walls, I asked

Pete where he got his inspiration (灵感) from. He told me that his favorite source of ideas was a DIY

program on TV.

       This got me thinking about the great popularity of DIY programs in the UK. Each major channel has at least one home or garden improving show and there’s even a satellite channel completely about the

subject.

       I guess it is not really surprising that DIY programs are so popular. Two common sayings in Britain- ‘an Englishman’s home is his castle’ and ‘there’s no place like home’-show how important our houses are to us. With the present economic downturn, many people can’t afford to buy a gigger house so they

are looking at how they can make their house better without spending a lot of money. DIY is the perfect

choice.

       But be careful! I read a report that said over 230,000 people were injured while doing home

improvements in the UK in just one year, including 41,000 who fell off ladders(梯子) and 5,800 who were seriously hurt by hammers. So I won’t be going down to the hardware store.

1. How did Pete spend his holiday in the past?          

A. Visiting his friends.      

B. Diving.

C. Travelling around the world. 

D. Making his house beautiful.

2. Which might NOT be shown in a DIY program on TV?             

A. Scuba diving       

B. A garden improving feature.

C. Home improvements.  

D. Fixing things in kitchens

3. Which is NOT the reason why DIY is popular among British people?           

A. They enjoy DIY.        

B. They want to make their houses better themselves.

C. They can improve their houses without spending much money.

D. They want to be on TV.

4. At the end of the article the writer wants us to remember _____.

A. not to go to the hardware store

B. to be careful not to get hurt while doing DIY

C. to keep watching DIY on TV while drinking a nice cup of tea

D. not to climb ladders or use hammers

5. It can be inferred from the article that _____.

A. people in the UK like DIY more than people in other countries

B. DIY programs are the most popular in the UK

C. home is the most important place to the English

D. British people can’t afford to buy houses during the economic downturn