问题 问答题 案例分析题

患者,女性,25岁。腹胀半年,低热1个月。患者半年前感腹胀,未予重视。近1个月发热,多于午后出现,体温波动在37.4~38.5℃。发病以来,食欲欠佳,每日排黄色软便3~4次,无脓血及黏液。尿色正常。体重下降约4kg。4年前呈患"肺结核",抗结核治疗因药物不良反应而中断。查体:T37.8℃,P70次/分,R14次/分,BP120/70mmHg。浅表淋巴结无肿大,双肺呼吸音清晰,未闻及干湿性啰音。心界不大,心率70次/分,律齐,各瓣膜区未闻及杂音。腹部柔韧感,全腹压痛及反跳痛阳性,以右下腹明显,肝脾肋下未触及,移动性浊音阳性,肠鸣音正常。双下肢无水肿。辅助检查:血常规Hb95g/L,WBC8.8×109/L,NO.46,10.54,PLT350×109/L。粪便常规:镜栓(-),OB(-)。血沉54mm/h,肝肾功能正常。腹部B超示腹腔积液,肝胆脾胰双肾未见异常。钡灌肠检查示:回盲部及升结肠缩短、变形,激惹征阳性。要求:根据以上病历摘要,请写出初步诊断、诊断依据(如有两个以上诊断,应分别写出各自诊断依据,未分别写出扣分)、鉴别诊断、进一步检查与治疗原则。

答案

参考答案:

1.初步诊断(1)结核性腹膜炎;(2)肠结核;(3)轻度贫血。

2.诊断依据(1)结核性腹膜炎:①年轻女性,慢性病程,曾患肺结核。②有结核中毒症状:伴午后低热,食欲欠佳,腹胀腹泻。③腹部柔韧感,全腹压痛及反跳痛阳性,移动性浊音阳性。④WBC不高,而淋巴细胞比例增高。腹部B超示腹腔积液。(2)肠结核:①年轻女性,慢性病程,曾患肺结核。②有结核中毒症状:伴午后低热,食欲欠佳,腹胀腹泻。③全腹压痛及反跳痛阳性,以右下腹明显。④WBC不高,而淋巴细胞比例增高。钡灌肠示回盲部激惹征。(3)轻度贫血:Hb95g/L。

3.鉴别诊断①大肠肿瘤;②妇科肿瘤;③阑尾炎。

4.进一步检查①腹水检查(常规、生化、细胞学、ADA、病原学检查等);②妇科检查,盆腔B超;③结肠镜检查(必要时取活检);④PPD试验;⑤必要时行腹腔镜检查+活检。

5.治疗原则①一般治疗:休息,加强营养。②正规抗结核化学药物治疗。③酌情放腹水,缓解症状,减少或防止腹腔粘连。

单项选择题

"It’s no use, Mum," said Johnny. "I’m just no good at dancing."

"You’ve got to keep trying. Tonight will be (1) , dear. Try a turn with that pretty Lisette. "

Johnny (2) . Every Saturday night used to be the best of the week. He and his parents went to the (3) at the Club, where his hero, Alcide, played the accordion with the band. But lately everything had changed. Now that Johnny was older, he was (4) to dance with a girl!

(5) Johnny and his parents arrived at the Club, music had already started. Johnny got up his (6) to approach Lisette. "May I have this dance" Johnny asked. "That’s all right."said Lisette. Johnny struggled to keep up with Lisette’s (7) steps, but he was always one beat behind her. Then Johnny heard his friend Pierre say, "Look! Johnny has two left feet!" (8) burst from the crowd. Johnny (9) and ran outside, determined never to go to another dance.

The next Saturday, Alcide (10) to Johnny’s house for some potatoes. He happened to hear Johnny playing the accordion. Alcide’s eyes (11) . "Bring that accordion and play some songs tonight," Alcide said. Then he drove off, leaving Johnny staring open mouthed (12) him.

At the Club, Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette and (13) her. The band played for a long time before Alcide said, "Dear friends, I got a (14) for you tonight. Young Johnny is going to join us!" (15) , Johnny stepped up on the platform, his eyes on the floor. He began to play, and the band (16) behind him. When the song ended, he heard cheers. Johnny kept playing until the dance was (17) . "You did a fine job tonight. Play with us again next Saturday night, " Alcide said. "Yes, sir! " said Johnny. (18) he went outside, Johnny saw Lisette and her friends near the door. Lisette stepped (19) , smiling. "You played really good tonight!" she said."Thank you," Johnny blushed. As he walked on, Pierre (20) moved out of the way for him to pass.Johnny patted his accordion. Come to think of it, in his whole life, he had never once seen Alcide out on the dance floor.

9().

A.broke away

B.went out

C.broke up

D.turned out

单项选择题