问题 单项选择题

高中新课改实施以来,我国共推出四套高中历史教材,分别是人教版、人民版、岳麓版和北师大版等。四种版本教材虽然“以课标为中心”进行编写,但由于编者对课程标准的理解不同、史学修养不同、甚至史学观点不同,导致教材在语言表述上出入较大。以“马克思主义的诞生”一课为例,人教版用“《 * * 党宣言》的问世”作为小标题,而人民版却使用“沐浴全世界工人的阳光”这样的表述。据此,你认为人民版的编者最有可能采用哪种史观编写教材()

A.革命史观

B.近代化史观

C.文明史观

D.全球化史观

答案

参考答案:D

解析:本题主要考查学生解读题干材料,获取有效信息,归纳、概括,并作出准确判断的能力。根据题干要求及题干材料关键信息“《 * * 党宣言》的问世”、“沐浴全世界工人的阳光”等,本题考查史观相关内容。结合所学知识,分析、判断,不难得出,人民版的编者最有可能采用的史观,即是全球化史观,又称整体史观。综上,故,本题正确答案选D。其余ABC三项均不正确。

阅读理解

Happiness through Honorable Actions

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings.

Here is an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.

Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk’s mistake, we would drive home with a sense of mean excitement. Later we might tell our family of friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

In the first case, where we don’t tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot be trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk’s attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it’s easy to think and act honorably again when we’re happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it’s started, it’s easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

小题1: According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our ______.

A.self-respect

B.financial rewards

C.advertising ability

D.friendly relationship小题2:The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to ______.

A.lying

B.stealing

C.cheating

D.advertising小题3:The underlined phrase “bringing the error to the clerk’s attention” means ______.

A.offering advice to the clerk

B.telling the truth to the clerk

C.asking the clerk to be more attentive

D.reminding the clerk of the charged item小题4:How does the positive cycle work according to the author?

单项选择题