问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读下列材料,回答问题:

材料一天子受命于天,诸侯受命于天子,子受命于父,臣受命于君,妻受命于夫,诸侯受命者,其尊皆天也,虽谓受命于天亦可。

——董仲舒《春秋繁露·顺命》

材料二国家将有失道之败,而天乃先出灾害以谴告之;不知自省,又出怪异以警惧之;尚不知变,而伤败乃至。以此见天心之仁爱人君而欲止其乱也,自非大亡道之世者,天尽欲扶持而全安。

——董仲舒《举贤良对策》

材料三古者以天下为主,君为客,凡君之所必而经营者,为天下也。今也以君为主,天下为客,凡天下之无地而得安宁者,为君也……然则为天下之大害者,君而已矣。

——黄宗羲《明夷待访录·原君》

材料四夫治天卞犹曳大木焉,前者唱邪,后者唱许,君与臣,共曳木之人也。

——黄宗羲《明夷待访录·原臣》

“有明之无善治,自高皇帝罢丞相始也。”“天子批红,天子不能尽,则宰相批之。”

-——黄宗羲《明夷待访录·置相》

“天子之所是未必是,天子之所非未必非,天子亦遂不敢自为是非,而公其是非于学校。”

——黄宗羲《明夷待访录·学校》

请回答:

据材料四概括黄宗羲提出的限制君权的具体办法。

答案

参考答案:

君臣平等共治;置相,用相权牵制、分割君权;以“学校”作为舆论监督的民主场所。

解析:本题主要考查的是对材料的理解概括能力。由材料“君与臣,共曳木之人也”“天子批红,天子不能尽,则宰相批之”“天子之所是未必是,天子之所非未必非”可以概括出黄宗羲提出的限制君权的具体办法:君臣平等共治;置相,用相权牵制、分割君权;以“学校”作为舆论监督的民主场所。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
写作题

阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

I was brought up in the countryside by my grandmother. She was very courageous and inspiring woman and was very beautiful, too. In comparison with her or some of my classmates, I always felt that I was not beautiful or pretty. In fact, when I was studying in middle school, I thought I was not as good as other students and just because of these negative feelings, I was not very confident. One day, I went to the shoe shop to buy a pair of new shoes. When I got there, I noticed a foreign lady talking to a salesgirl. But the salesgirl didn’t understand what the foreigner was saying. They both looked worried. I went up to help them. The lady is an Australian. She wanted to buy a pair of travelling shoes. So I told it to the salesgirl. The lady was very glad when she took them. She spoke high praise for my spoken English and said that I was a pretty girl. Both of them expressed their thanks to me.

As a matter of fact, no one had ever praised me like that before. It was so encouraging. Suddenly I felt confident and happy. It is true that those words turned my life around.

【写作内容】

1.以约30个词概括短文的要点。

2.然后以约120个词写一篇记叙文,描写表扬或称赞给人带来的愉快和鼓舞,并包括以下要点:

a)叙述你或你的朋友被老师或其他人表扬的一次真实或虚构的经历;

b)被表扬后的感觉是怎么样的;

c)这次称赞、表扬带来的影响。

【写作要求】

1. 可以参照阅读材料的篇章结构,组织故事,但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

3. 作文题目已在答题卷中给出。

[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。