问题 问答题 简答题

2011年4月12日,是人类载人航天活动50周年纪念日。我国家的载人航天还处于发展阶段,载人航天飞行获得圆满成功,这是我国航天人尊重科学,以科学的精神、科学的理念、科学的方法、科学的机制推动工作,大胆探索创新、自强不息、勇于超越、埋头苦干的结果。载人航天飞行的成功,探索出一套符合我国国情和重大科技工程的科学管理模式和方法,积累了新形势下组织实施重大科技工程的重要经验;突破了一大批具有自主知识产权的核心技术和关键技术,取得了一系列重大科技创新成果;证明了我国载人航天工程的计划、程序、步骤等举措是科学的。结合材料说明我国航天人是如何把尊重客观规律和发挥主观能动性结合起来的?

答案

参考答案:

①规律具有客观性,要求我们尊重客观规律,按规律办事。我国航天人尊重科学,以科学的精神、科学的理论、科学的方法、科学的机制推动工作,做到了按规律办事。

②规律的客观性并不表明人们在规律面前是无能为力的。人们可以发挥主观能动性认识和利用规律。我国航天人大胆探索创新,自强不息,勇于超越,埋头苦干,充分发挥了主观能动性。

解析:

本题以我国载人航天工程为切入点考查学生对教材知识的理解和运用能力。首先审读设问,限制知识范围是尊重客观规律和发挥主观能动性相结合。题型如何体现。运用规律具有客观性,要求我们尊重客观规律,按规律办事。和规律的客观性并不表明人们在规律面前是无能为力的。人们可以发挥主观能动性认识和利用规律。分别结合材料分析即可。

考点:尊重客观规律和发挥主观能动性相结合。

点评:解答材料式分析题要注意两点:首先要看清设问。设问中往往包含了答题的知识范围和方向“带着问题看材料”更具有针对性。其次要认真研读材料,因为设问是以材料为背景的,它们之间存在必然联系,而这种联系是解决问题的突破口。

填空题
单项选择题

Most plants can make their own food from sunlight, (1) some have discovered that stealing is an easier way to live. Thousands of plant species get by (2) photosynthesizing, and over 400 of these species seem to live by pilfering sugars from an underground (3) of fungi(真菌). But in (4) a handful of these plants has this modus operandi been traced to a relatively obscure fungus. To find out how (5) are (6) , mycologist Martin Bidartondo of the University of California at Berkeley and his team looked in their roots. What they found were (7) of a common type of fungus, so (8) that it is found in nearly 70 percent of all plants. The presence of this common fungus in these plants not only (9) at how they survive, says Bidartondo, but also suggests that many ordinary plants might prosper from a little looting, too.

Plants have (10) relations to get what they need to survive. Normal, (11) plants can make their own carbohydrates through photosynthesis, but they still need minerals. Most plants have (12) a symbiotic relationship with a (13) network of what are called my corrhizal fungi, which lies beneath the forest (14) . The fungi help green plants absorb minerals through their roots, and (15) , the plants normally (16) the fungi with sugars, or carbon with a number of plants sharing the same fungal web, it was perhaps (17) that a few cheaters—dubbed epiparasites—would evolve to beat the system. (18) , these plants reversed the flow of carbon, (19) it into their roots from the fungi (20) releasing it as "payment.\

3()

A.realm

B.net

C.relation

D.web