问题 问答题 案例分析题

权力监督与制约是政治领域的重要问题,阅读材料,回答问题

材料一:

中国从西周就开始了权力监督的制度建设。秦汉时期已有大量相关法规,如关于官吏任用与铨选的《置吏律》、关于官吏调任与监察的《效律》和考核官吏为政情况的《上计律》等。唐朝时出现了中国历史上第一部专门的行政法典——《唐六典》,首次以法典的形式为行政监督提供了完备的法律根据。在此基础上,宋朝不仅大量充实各项监察法规,诸多行政制度也体现了权力监督理念,如在人事任用上通过了“避亲法”、“避嫌法”等回避制度约束官员权力。明清两朝也制定了专门的行政法典和比较完善的监察法,对监察考课机关的职掌权限、官员的条件及责任义务等做出详细的规定。(据白钢《中国政治制度史》)

材料二:

宋英宗欲擢王畴为枢密副使,封驳官钱公辅认为王畴“素望浅”,不宜擢升。英宗不仅不采纳其意见,反而贬钱公辅为滁州团练使。(据贾玉英《中国古代监察制度发展史》)

材料三:

英国政治制度史大事记(部分)

根据材料三,指出近代英国限制王权历史进程中的重要事件,说明近代英国政治体制的权力制衡关系。

答案

参考答案:

重要事件:通过《权利法案》;通过《王位继承法》;开创多数党领袖组阁先例;君主不再行使立法否决权。

权力制衡关系:议会掌握立法权,拥有对内阁的行政监督权;内阁掌握行 * * ,通过控制立法提案权、财 * * 等手段控制议会;选民通过投票制衡执政党,进而制衡内阁;两党轮流执政,反对党制衡执政党。

阅读理解

It was 12:45 pm on January 2, 2007. 50-year-old Wesley Autrey was waiting for the train at a subway station in New York. His two daughters, aged four and six, were with him.

Suddenly, a sick man fell down on the platform (站台). The man, 20-year-old Cameron Hollopeter, got up, but then fell again—this time, onto the track between the two rails (道轨). A train was coming into the station. It was a frightening moment.

But Mr Autrey wasn’t frightened. He looked at the man and the space that the man was in. It was about half a meter deep. And he thought, “The train is going to travel over this man. If he tries to get up, the train will kill him. But if he lies on the ground and doesn’t move, he’ll be OK.” So he got an idea.

He jumped down and kept Mr Hollopeter down on the ground. The train driver saw them. He was terrified, but he couldn’t stop in time. The train traveled over the two men before it stopped.

The people on the platform were surprised. When Mr Autrey heard them screaming, he shouted, “We’re OK down here, but I’ve got two daughters up there. Let them know their father is OK.”

In an interview on a TV show, Mr Autrey said, “The only thing that happened to me was my blue hat got dirty.”

小题1:Why did Mr Hollopeter fall on the platform and then the track?

A.Because he was ill.

B.Because he walked so fast.

C.Because he was too old.

D.Because the subway station was so crowed.小题2:Which of the following is TRUE?

A.Mr Autrey was so frightened when he saw what had happened.

B.Mr Autrey thought the space that the man was in was about one meter deep.

C.The train driver saw the two men but he couldn’t stop the train in time.

D.Mr Autrey and Mr Hollopeter were both taken to a hospital.小题3:Mr Autrey was worried about         when the train stopped.

A.his two daughters

B.Mr Hollopeter

C.his blue hat

D.the train driver小题4:Mr Autrey lay on top of Mr Hollopeter in order to        .

A.keep him calm

B.keep him down

C.keep him warm

D.keep him awake小题5:What’s the best title for the passage?

A.A Sick Man

B.Save One’s Life

C.Mr Autrey and Mr Hollopeter

D.The Subway Hero

单项选择题