问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一:上(宋高宗)谕大巨曰……又曰:“广南(广东南路)市舶,利入甚厚,提举官宜得人而久任,庶番商(海外各国商人)肯来,动得数百十万缗,皆宽民力也。”

——《建炎以来系年要录》

材料二:诏行中书省唆都、浦寿庚等曰:“诸藩国列居东南岛寨者,皆有幕义之心,可因蕃舶诸人宣布朕意,诚能来朝,朕将宠之。其往来互市,各从所欲。”

——《元史·世祖记》

材料三:(乾隆二十四年部覆两广总督李侍尧奏议)据称夷商在省住冬,应请永行禁止也……夷人到粤,宜令寓居行商管束稽查也……借领外夷资本及雇用汉人役使,并应查禁也……外夷雇人传递信息之积弊,宜请永除也。

材料一中“广南市舶”的主要职能是什么?

答案

参考答案:

管理对外贸易。

单项选择题
单项选择题

If there is one thing scientists have to hear, it is that the game is over. Raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery, they recoil from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located. If they have, today’s scientists can hope to contribute no more than a few grace notes to the symphony of science.

A book to be published in Britain this week, The End of Science, argues persuasively that this is the case. Its author, John Horgan, is a senior writer for Scientific American magazine, who has interviewed many of today’s leading scientists and science philosophers. The shock of realizing that science might be over came to him, he says, when he was talking to Oxford mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.

The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation in the United States last year. "The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief, "Mr. Horgan says.

The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems, of which there are plenty, lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not, then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. Since the triumphs of the 1960s—the genetic code, plate tectonics, and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang—genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. More scientists are now alive, spending more money on research, that ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship, when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.

Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns. "Look, don’t get me wrong," says Mr Horgan. "There are lots of important things still to study, and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. I hope we get a cure for cancer, and for mental disease, though there are few real signs of progress.\

John Horgan().

Ⅰ. has published a book entitled The End of Science

Ⅱ. has been working as an editor of Scientific American

Ⅲ. has been working many years as a literary critic

Ⅳ. is working as a science writer

A. Ⅰ and Ⅱ

B. Ⅰ

C. Ⅰ and Ⅳ

D. Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ