问题 名词解释

心师造化

答案

参考答案:

姚最(公元535-602年),是南梁至陈时的画评家,在他的作品《续画品录》中提到:「学穷性表,心师造化。」「性」指的是「本质」,「表」指的是「现象」。意指对事物外在现象和内在本质都有透澈的认识,用自心去领会自然的法则。这里的「造化」,除了指自然风景外,多少含有精神层面的「大自然运行的法则」之义。

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Charlotte Hollins faces a battle. The 23-year-old British farmer and her 21-year-old brother Ben are fighting to save farm that their father worked on since he was 14. Although confident they will succeed, she is aware of farming’s many challenges.

“You don’t often get a day off. Supermarkets put a lot of pressure on farmers to keep prices low. With fewer people working on farms it can be isolating,” she said. “There is a high rate of suicide and farming will never make you rich!”

Like others around the world, Charlotte’s generation tend to leave the farm for cities.

Oliver Robinson, 25, grew up in Yorkshire. But he never considered staying on his father and grandfather’s land. “I’m sure Dad hoped I’d stay,” he said. “I guess it’s a nice, straightforward life, but it doesn’t appeal to me. For young, ambitious people, farm life is hard.”

For Robinson, farming doesn’t offer much “in terms of money or lifestyle”. Hollins agrees that economic factors stop people from enjoying the rewards of farming. He describes it as a career that provides “for a vital human need”, allowing people to work “outdoors with nature.”

Farming is a big political issue in the UK. The “Buy British” campaigns urge consumers not to purchase cheaper imported foods. The 2001 foot and mouth crisis closed thousands of farms, stopped meat exports, and raised public consciousness about the troubles on UK farms.

Celebrity chef Jamie Oliver’s 2005 campaign to get children eating healthily also highlighted the issue.

This national concern gives hope to farmers competing with powerful supermarkets. While most people buy food from the big supermarkets, hundreds of independent Farmers’ Markets are becoming popular.

“I started going to Farmers’ Markets in direct defiance(违抗) of the big supermarkets. I seriously objected to the super-sizing of everything-what exactly do they put on our apples to make them so big and red? It’s terrible,” said Londoner Michaela Samson, 31.

小题1:What are the challenges that British farmers face according to Charlotte Hollins?

a. loneliness                       b. thin profits

c. a lack of good equipment        d. long working hours but slow results

A.abc

B.abd

C.acd

D.bcd小题2:Why did Oliver Robinson refuse to stay on the farm?

A.He hoped for a simpler life

B.He was fed up with a hard farm life.

C.Farm life was too demanding though he liked it.

D.He hoped for something challenging and rewarding.小题3:What happened in 2001 to the British beef farmers?

A.British people ate more British beef.

B.To be a beef farmer became profitable.

C.Diseaes dramatically reduced the amount of beef available.

D.Foreign farmers stopped selling beef to Britain.小题4:Which of the following is an advantage of Farmers’ Markets?

A.Lower prices.

B.Flexible sizes.

C.Convenient location.

D.Healthier food.小题5:What can we conclude from the last two paragraphs?

A.Things are improving for independent farms in the UK.

B.Farming in the UK can now match the powerful supermarkets.

C.Most British people are doubtful of food in supermarkets.

D.Most British people have realized the problems facing farms and begun to help save them.