问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读下列材料,回答问题:

材料一16世纪末来华的耶稣会教士利玛窦在一封信中说:“中国人非常博学,医学、自然科学、数学、天文学都十分精通。他们以不同于我们西方人的方法正确地计算日食、月食。”

材料二由于历史的巧合,近代科学在欧洲崛起与耶稣会传教团在中国的活动大体同时,因而近代科学几乎马上与中国传统科学相接触。

——李约瑟《中国科学技术史》

材料三董仲舒是有汉一代最有影响的思想家,在当时就享有“群儒之首”的声誉,在中国文化史上,也占有重要地位。……董仲舒学说的消极影响也是严重的……我们民族性格中的封闭自我,盲目自足,因循守旧,不思奋进等等劣根性,都与之直接相关。

——冯天瑜等著《中国文化史》

材料四中国人在科学实验发明上的确非常伟大。问题是:它为什么没有继续上升到理论,构筑起其理论体系,或如西方那样,发展出现代科学。

——李约瑟《中国科学技术史》

结合材料三,从思想文化方面回答材料四中李约瑟的“问题”。

答案

参考答案:

儒家思想束缚人们的思想,导致中 * * 存在盲目自足、因循守旧、不思奋进等缺点,没有进行理论创新。(儒家思想重文轻理,重视哲学思想和政治思想的研究,轻视甚至压制自然科学研究,与此相应的科举考试把这一思想现实化,出现“学而优则仕”的局面,读书人学习、研究重在考取功名,而不是研究自然规律,改善人民的生产、生活条件。)

阅读理解

阅读理解。

    Johnny Kelley is 86 years old. He has just run the last eleven kilometers of the Boston Marathon. It took him one hour and fifteen minutes to run the eleven kilometers. After his running, he went to the hospital center. The nurse was surprised and pleased to see that his blood pressure was 139 over 84. She told him that his blood pressure was very good. Then she said, "I wish mine was good like yours . "

    Johnny Kelley is known as the great-grandfather of the Boston Marathon. He ran all the 42 kilometers of the Marathon 61 times. This year was the second time that he has cut back and run only part of it. Kelley holds the record for running more Boston Marathons than anyone else.

    Thousands of people cry "come on" to him as he runs. Kelley smiles and thanks people as he runs. "It's wonderful," he says." People come out to shake my hand. I am welcomed by thousands of people. I think a lot of them thought I ran the whole race. And maybe they congratulate because they know me after all these years and they don't know the other runners. "

1. Johnny Kelley is known as the great-grandfather of the Boston Marathon because ______.

A. he is eighty-six years old

B. he ran all the 42 kilometers of the Boston Marathon that day

C. he was old and ran all the 42 kilometers of the Boston Marathon 61 times

D. his grandson is the best runner of the Boston Marathon

2. When Johnny Kelley said it was wonderful, he meant that ______. 

A. he was welcomed by thousands of people

B. his blood pressure was so good

C. he was able to run the whole Marathon race

D. he got to the hospital center safely

3. Johnny Kelley keeps the record _______ 

A. for living to a great age

B. for running the fastest

C. for taking one hour and 15 minutes to run the 11 kilometers

D. for running the most Boston Marathons

4. Johnny Kelley went to the hospital center after the race ______ 

A. to tell the nurse the good news

B. to have a good rest

C. to thank people who cried '6come on" to him

D. to see if his blood pressure was good

多项选择题