问题 选择题

根据下表中地球和火星的有关资料回答题:

小题1:有关火星与地球的比较,正确的是:

A.火星的表面温度比地球高

B.火星绕日公转的方向与地球相同

C.火星的密度比地球大

D.火星两极点自转的角速度和线速度均比地球两极点小小题2:按地球的有关概念,将火星与地球比较,下列判断正确的是:

A.火星的极昼极夜纬度范围比地球小

B.火星的昼夜交替周期比地球短

C.火星赤道上沿东西方向运动的物体不会发生偏向

D.火星绕日公转的速度终年不变小题3:人类发射的探测器可以到达火星表面,这表明人造天体已经可以离开:

A.地月系

B.太阳系

C.银河系

D.河外星系小题4:在八大行星中,人类首选火星作为探索生命起源和进化的行星,主要是因为火星上的一些地理现象与地球上的一些地理现象相似,主要表现为

①火星两极附近与地球相似都有极昼、夜现象  ②火星、地球自转周期的长度都比较适中③火星、地球与太阳的距离都比较适中④火星和地球上都有四季变化,且四季的长度一样

A.①②④

B.②③

C.①②③④

D.③④

答案

小题1:B

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:B

题目分析:

小题1:火星距离太阳较地球远,故火星的表面温度比地球低,A错误;八大行星绕日公转的方向都为自西向东,B正确;地球是八大行星中密度最大的行星,C错误;火星和地球两极点的自转角速度和线速度均为0,D错误。

小题2:由于火星的赤道面与公转轨道面的交角较地球大,故火星上极昼极夜的纬度范围较地球大,A错误;火星的自转周期较地球上略长,故火星上的昼夜交替周期较地球上长,B错误。火星和地球的赤道上的地转偏向力都为0,故水平运动物体都不发生偏向,C正确。由于火星的绕日公转轨道与地球一致均为椭圆,故有近日点和远日点,公转速度也有变化,D错误。

小题3:火星探测器顺利到达火星反映了人造天体可离开地球,但仍位于太阳系内。故选A项。

小题4:地球上生命存在的条件包括地球的自身条件(液态水、较厚的大气层和适宜的温度)和地球的宇宙环境(稳定的光照和较安全的行星际空间)。火星两极附近与地球相似都有极昼、夜现象,与生命物质存在关系不大,①错误;火星、地球自转周期的长度都比较适中,从而昼夜温差不大,②正确;火星、地球与太阳的距离都比较适中,形成适宜的温度条件,③正确;火星的公转周期较地球长,故不可能与地球的四季长短一致,④错误。

点评:本题难度一般,学生只要应用地球生命存在的条件和火星环境的相关资料进行推理,即可分析。注意因果关系和知识的迁移应用。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
填空题

Renowned U. S. economist, John Rutledge, who helped frame the fiscal policies of two former U. S. presidents, warned that an abrupt rise in China’ s currency could lead to another Asian financial crisis. The founder of Rutledge Capital told the media that if the yuan rises (1) it would discourage foreign direct investment in China while (2) by market speculators. Currency change is more difficult for investors and (3) .
The Chinese currency has appreciated by (4) since July 2005 when the country allowed the yuan to (5) within a daily band of 0.3 percent. The analysts are expecting the currency to rise (6) by the end of this year. But if the yuan rose 20 to 30 percent, as some U. S. politicians are demanding, it would (7) causing a recession and deflation. Similar advice to allow an abrupt appreciation of a currency led to (8) in 1997, and came very close to destroying (9) . The U. S. economist says that investors want foremost to (10) associated with large fluctuations in currency and inflation. They (11) after evaluating risks to benefits such as (12) . A rising yuan would drive up labor costs for foreign investors and would not (13) .
Earlier reports said that currency speculators had pumped (14) U.S. dollars into China by the end of last year, with another 70 billion U. S. dollars (15) in the first three months of this year. There is no way to (16) of this type of investment and many economists disagree that (17) is so high. Instead of further appreciating its currency, China should make the yuan (18) . If the yuan were more easily converted into foreign currencies it would allow Chinese companies to expand overseas, (19) , and provide management experience and capital that China needs. It would also (20) and reduce speculative money coming into the country.

Renowned U. S. economist, John Rutledge, who helped frame the fiscal policies of two former U. S. presidents, warned that an abrupt rise in China’ s currency could lead to another Asian financial crisis. The founder of Rutledge Capital told the media that if the yuan rises (1) it would discourage foreign direct investment in China while (2) by market speculators. Currency change is more difficult for investors and (3) .
The Chinese currency has appreciated by (4) since July 2005 when the country allowed the yuan to (5) within a daily band of 0.3 percent. The analysts are expecting the currency to rise (6) by the end of this year. But if the yuan rose 20 to 30 percent, as some U. S. politicians are demanding, it would (7) causing a recession and deflation. Similar advice to allow an abrupt appreciation of a currency led to (8) in 1997, and came very close to destroying (9) . The U. S. economist says that investors want foremost to (10) associated with large fluctuations in currency and inflation. They (11) after evaluating risks to benefits such as (12) . A rising yuan would drive up labor costs for foreign investors and would not (13) .
Earlier reports said that currency speculators had pumped (14) U.S. dollars into China by the end of last year, with another 70 billion U. S. dollars (15) in the first three months of this year. There is no way to (16) of this type of investment and many economists disagree that (17) is so high. Instead of further appreciating its currency, China should make the yuan (18) . If the yuan were more easily converted into foreign currencies it would allow Chinese companies to expand overseas, (19) , and provide management experience and capital that China needs. It would also (20) and reduce speculative money coming into the country.