问题 单项选择题

酵母菌在有氧时进行有氧呼吸,无氧时进行无氧呼吸,将酵母菌放在含有培养液的半封闭锥形瓶中,测得CO2的释放量比O2的吸收量大1倍,则有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸消耗葡萄糖的比为:()

A.1:6

B.1:3

C.1:2

D.1:1

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

1mol葡萄糖在有氧呼吸时消耗6mol氧气,释放6mol二氧化碳,无氧呼吸时释放2mol二氧化碳,设消耗的氧气量为x,则有氧呼吸消耗的葡萄糖为x/6,释放的二氧化碳为x,则无氧呼吸释放的二氧化碳为x,消耗的葡萄糖为x/2,所以有氧呼吸与无氧呼吸消耗葡萄糖的比为1:3.

考点:本题考查细胞呼吸相关知识,意在考查考生识记所列知识点,并能运用所学知识做出合理的判断或得出正确的结论的能力。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Social control refers to social processes, planned or unplanned, by which people are taught, persuaded, or forced to conform to norms. In every society, some punishments or negative sanctions are established for deviant behavior. Without deviant behavior there would not be need for social control and without social control there would not be a way of recognizing the boundary between the acceptable and the unacceptable.

Social control may be either formal or informal. Informal mechanisms include expressions of disapproval by significant others and withholding of positive rewards for disapproved behavior. Most people internalize norms in the course of socialization. This is any group’s most powerful protection against deviance, in that the individual’s own conscience operates as an agent of social control. When informal sanctions fail, formal agents of social control may be called upon. In contemporary society, such formal agents and agencies include psychiatry and other mental health professions; mental hospitals; police and courts of law; prisons; and social welfare agencies. All these formal agents function to limit, correct, and control violation of norms. Conflict theorists would also point out that social control agents and systems tend, in any society, to serve the interests of powerful groups and to enforce the norms most beneficial to those who make the rules and who, therefore, define unacceptable behavior.

Social control, whether formal or informal, has a dual function. First, it punishes the wrongdoer and reaff’irms the boundaries of acceptable behavior. Second, and less recognized, it regulates the manner in which deviants are treated.

The perspective from which the author discusses social control is ().

A. biological

B. sociological

C. psychological

D. anthropological