（15分）【历史上重大改革回眸】

阅读下列材料：

材料一 无徵不信，不信民不从，故一切制度托之三代先王以行之。若谓圣人行事不可依托，则是以硁硁之小人，律神话之孔子矣。布衣改制，事大骇人，故不如与之先王，既不惊人，自可避祸。

——康有为《孔子改制考》

材料二  著自下科为始，乡会试及生童岁科各试，向用四书文者，一律改试策论。……现当开创百度，事务繁多，度支岁入有常，岂能徒供无用之冗费，致碍当务之急需。如詹事府本属闲曹，无事可办……均著即行裁撤，归并内阁及礼兵刑部办理。旗丁生齿日繁，徒以格于定制，不得在外省经商贸易，遂至生计益艰，……现当百度维新，自宜驰宽其禁，俾得各习四民之业，以资治生。

——中国近代史资料丛刊

材料三 比年以来，皇上有意变法，而盈朝汹汹，不可向迩，亲贵抗违，耆老力诤，群僚面从而后言，举政始行而中废。乃至奉旨发议，乃推延而不议；明诏施行，乃束阁而不行。人心众论，缉缉仳仳。”

——杨深秀《请告天祖誓群臣以变法定国是折》

材料四 适应现代世界不断发展趋势而不断革新，是现代化的本质，但成功的现代化运

动，不但善于克服传统因素对革新的阻力，而尤其在善于利用传统因素作为革新的动力。

——罗荣渠《现代化新论》

请回答：

（1）据材料一，指出康有为宣传维新变法的方式。 （2分）该方式产生了什么积极作用？（2分）

（2）概括材料二中改革的主要措施。（3分）结合材料三，指出这些措施在当时的实施结果。（2分）这一结果的出现说明了什么？（2分）

（3）综合上述材料，就如何顺利推行变法。谈谈你的认识。（4分）

                                      D

Wilma was born on June 23, 1940 in St Bethlehem, Tennesse. By the time she was 6, Wilma Rudolph was given metal braces (支架) to aid her in walking. She started receiving treatment with help from her family. A few years later, she walked without any assistance into the church.

When she was in junior high, she joined the basketball team. She finally made an appeal to compete in games again and when her wish was finally permitted, she amazed everyone by leading the team to an undefeated season and the state championships. Though they lost the championship title in the end, Wilma Rudolph earned the attention of the women’s track coach，Ed Template at Tennessee State University and was invited to join the "Tigerbelles"．Her efforts paid off as she turned out to be so good that the Tigerbelles invited her to join them in the national Olympic team trails. Not only did she make it into the team, but she won a bronze medal in the 4×100 m relay at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics. Four years later, Rudolph set a world 200 m record (22.9 seconds) at the 1960 US Championships. At the Rome Olympics in 1960, she competed in the 100 m, 200 m and 4×100 m relay, and equaled the world record of 11.3 seconds in the semifinals (半决赛) of the 100 m. She won the final by three metres in 11.0 seconds, but it was not accepted as a world record.

Wilma Rudolph’s extraordinary achievements in Rome made her a darling of the European press who gave her the nickname "The Black Gazelle (羚羊)" and "The Black Pearl". She also became the first woman in American history to win 3 gold medals in the Olympics and was crowned "the Fastest Woman in the World", Wilma Rudolph’s spirit inspired people such as Jackie Joyner Kersee and Florence Griffith Joyner who became the next woman to win 3 gold medals.

小题1:What problem did Wilma face according to Paragraph 1?

A．Not being able to speak.

B．Not being able to walk.

C．Losing her sight.

D．Losing her hearing.小题2:We learn that Wilma broke the world record in________.

A．the 4×100m relay at the 1956 Melbourne Olympics

B．the semifinals of the 100m at the Rome Olympics

C．the 200m at the 1960 US Championships

D．the final of the 100m at the Rome Olympics小题3: How many people that at least won 3 Olympics gold medals in American history are

mentioned in the passage?

A．One.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.