问题 填空题 案例分析题

血糖的平衡对于保证机体各种组织和器官的能量供应具有重要的意义,胰岛素是维持血糖平衡的重要激素。下图表示胰岛素分泌的调节过程及胰岛素作用机理。

为研究桑叶提取液对糖尿病大鼠的降血糖效果,某研究小组进行了如下实验。

①实验材料和仪器:生理状况相同的健康大鼠30只、桑叶提取液、蒸馏水,血糖测定仪等。

②实验步骤:

a.随机选取10只大鼠作为甲组,另外20只制备成实验性糖尿病的大鼠随机均分成乙组和丙组。

b.(),并进行数据统计。

c.丙组大鼠灌喂桑叶提取液2mL/d,甲组和乙组大鼠灌喂(),连续灌喂4周。期间各组大鼠均饲喂普通饲料,自由饮食。

d.4周后,测定各组大鼠的血糖浓度,并进行数据统计分析。

③实验结果:

请据下表中的实验数据将“组别”栏补充完整,从上到下依次是()(用甲、乙、丙表示)。

④实验结论:()

答案

参考答案:b.测定各组大鼠的血糖浓度 c.等量蒸馏水 ③甲、丙、乙④桑叶提取液对糖尿病大鼠具有明显的降血糖效果,但不能降到正常水平

解析:(1) 兴奋传到时,神经末梢释放神 经递质,与细胞膜上相应的受体结合,细胞产生反应。从图上可以看出,胰岛B细胞分泌的因素还有血糖浓度、胰高血糖素含量,调节方式既有神经调节也有体液调节。(2)从图中可知,胰岛素能促进葡萄糖进入细胞;也能促进细胞内蛋白质、脂肪、糖原的合成。(3)抗体1致病原因是由于此种抗体与胰岛B细胞膜上的葡萄糖受体结合,导致胰岛B细胞对葡萄糖浓度上升的敏感度降低,引起胰岛素分泌量减少,可通过注射胰岛素来治疗,由于产生异常抗体引起的糖尿病属于自身免疫病。(4)研究桑叶提取液对糖尿病大鼠的降血糖效果,实验开始时应测定各组大鼠的血糖浓度,甲组和乙组大鼠应灌喂等量蒸馏水,实验开始时血糖低的应是甲组,另两组实验一段时间后,血糖下降的但仍高于正常组的是丙组,血糖仍较高的是乙组。实验证明桑叶提取液对糖尿病大鼠具有明显的降血糖效果,但不能降到正常水平考点:本题以实验的形式考查血糖的调节及实验设计分析,意在考查具备验证简单生物学事实的能力,并能对实验现象和结果进行解释、分析和处理。具有对一些生物学问题进行初步探究的能力,包括运用观察、实验与调查、假说演绎、建立模型与系统分析等科学研究方法能力。

完形填空
There are so many good reasons to send a child to camp.
When children go to camp, they are on their own, sometimes for the very first time in their lives. They have to decide what to wear, what to eat and which activities to participate in. As a result they develop confidence and independence.
As self-respect develops from learning to be on their own, children continue to try new activities. Also it is possible that they will engage in what they are unfamiliar with. In school, children do not experience success in the same way. Camp can be a school without failure because just having fun makes them a success.
One of the greatest benefits of a camp experience is that children develop social skills. In a camp setting, a good counselor will make sure that every camper is included in the activity and that each child interacts with the others in a positive way. They learn the give and take, and they learn how to work and cooperate. Something as simple as clean-up, is not only there to get the cabin clean, but to promote a team atmosphere of working together which in turn results in friendship.
The obvious benefit of camp is that campers make long lasting friendships. These friendships can often be unique and special because campers are living with each other and see the true personalities. Children learn to see others from a different viewpoint. Children tend to be accepted for who they are and do not have to be concerned about what they wear, what they are good at and how they look. This is because in a camp setting, respect and caring finally win out over materialistic objectives. 
In a word, camp does give children fun, friends and fulfillment.
Title
Send You Children to Camp
Reasons for sending your children to camp
* Children learn to be confident and 小题1:     because it may be first time for them to be on their own.
* Children 小题2:_____ their self-respect and continue trying new activities.
* Camp is a school without failure because just having fun makes children feel 小题3:_____.
小题4:______       of camping
Camping can develop children’s social skills.
* A good counselor will ensure that every camper is included in the activity and that interacts with the others 小题5:_____
* Children learn to offer and to 小题6:_____, and how to work together.  
Children make long lasting friendships.
* Children are living with each other and see the true personalities.
* Children learn to see others from a different point of 小题7:_____.
* Campers avoid judging children from their backgrounds, abilities and 小题8:_____.
* Respect and caring finally小题9: _____
materialistic objectives.
小题10: ______
Camp does give children fun, friends and fulfillment.
 
问答题