问题 问答题 简答题

简述干槽症。

答案

参考答案:1.概述

干槽症病因有多种学说,目前多认为创伤和感染及拔牙窝大是其主要病因。组织病理学上主要表现为牙槽窝骨壁的骨炎或轻微的局限性骨髓炎。以下颌后牙多见,特别是在下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术后。

2.诊断要点

(1)拔牙术后第2~3天,剧烈疼痛,有自发性放射性痛,可向耳颞部、颌下区、头顶部放射,一般镇痛药物不能止痛。

(2)检查

牙槽窝内可空虚,或有腐败坏死物,有恶臭。轻触牙槽窝骨壁,触痛明显。颌面部无明显肿胀,张口无明显受限,下颌下可有淋巴结肿大、压痛。

3.鉴别诊断

拔牙术后感染:多为拔牙后因牙片、骨片、牙石等异物和残余肉芽组织引起的慢性感染,患者常有创口不适,检查可见创口愈合不良,充血,有暗红色、疏松、水肿的肉芽组织增生,可有脓性分泌物,X线片见牙槽窝内有高密度的残片影像。

4.治疗

治疗原则为彻底清创及隔离外界对牙槽骨壁的刺激,并促进肉芽组织生长。

(1)局麻下清除牙槽窝内腐败坏死组织,用3%过氧化氢液、生理盐水交替冲洗;拭干后放置加有丁香油或其他消炎止痛药物的碘仿纱条;间隔1天或2天换药1次,如无明显疼痛,次日可不再换药。10天后去除碘仿纱条。

(2)保持口腔清洁,应用镇痛消炎药物。

阅读理解

A man came back home from work late, he was tired And he was surprised to find his ten-year-old son waiting for him at the door.

"Daddy, how much money do you make an hour?"

"If you want to know, I make $20 an hour."

"Oh,"the little boy answered, with his head down. He thought for a moment, looked up and said, “Daddy, could you lend me $10?"

The father was furious, "If you asked for money to buy a toy or some other rubbish, then go straight to your room and think why you are being so selfish !"

The little boy quietly went to his room and closed the door. After about an hour, the father calmed down, and started to think, "Maybe he really needs to buy something and he didn’t ask for money very often."So he went to the little boy’s room.

"Sorry! Maybe I was too hard on you just now," said the man. "Here’s $10."

"Oh, thank you, Daddy!"the boy said happily. Then, the boy took out some coins. When the father found that the boy already had some money, he got angry again.

"Why do you want more money after you already have some?" the father shouted angrily.

"Because I didn’t have enough, but now I do," the little boy answered, "Daddy, I have $20 now. Can I buy an hour of your time? Please come home early tomorrow. I would like to have dinner with you."

小题1:How much does the man make if he works an hour?

A.$10.

B.$20.

C.$100.

D.$200.小题2:In this passage, the underlined word "furious" means ______.

A.very angry

B.quite happy

C.too excited

D.a little nervous小题3:At first, the father didn’t give her son any money because______.

A.he thought the boy wanted to keep the money for himself

B.he did not have enough money at that moment

C.he thought the boy would buy something of no use

D.the boy always borrowed money from him小题4:The boy wanted to buy ______with twenty dollars.

A.a new book for himself

B.a nice present for his father

C.a toy for his own birthday

D.an hour of his father’s time小题5:From this passage, we can infer that the boy's father______.

A.often played with his son

B.spent little time with his son

C.didn’t love his son at all

D.often came back home early

单项选择题