问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读材料,回答下列问题。

材料一:自然灾害对人类社会所造成的危害往往是触目惊心的。它们之中既有地震、泥石流、台风、洪水等突发性灾害;也有地面沉降、土地沙漠化、干旱等在较长时间中才能逐渐显现的渐变性灾害;还有水体污染、水土流失、酸雨等人类活动导致的环境灾害。对抗自然灾害还要以预防为主。

材料二:无论是汶川大地震,还是玉树地震或是舟曲的泥石流灾害,每次灾害发生后人们都能看到在党的坚强领导下,政府科学调度,抢救被困人员,转移安置群众等各项工作在有力有序进行。我们的救灾应急机制更加健全,灾后重建更加科学。频繁的自然灾害让我们屡遭创伤和苦难,中国却没有被压倒,中国挺起了她不屈的脊梁!

运用主观能动性与规律的客观性的关系原理,说明我国面对自然灾害问题应如何制定政策措施。

答案

参考答案:

①认识规律和利用规律要发挥主观能动性。面对自然灾害问题制定合理政策措施,减少损失,变害为利,要求我们充分发挥主观能动性,加强对自然灾害的研究,掌握其规律。

②发挥主观能动性要以尊重客观规律为基础。制定的政策要取得积极的效果,需要我们尊重规律,按规律办事。

③只有将发挥主观能动性与尊重客观规律有机结合起来,面对气候变化问题才能制定出科学合理的政策措施。

判断题
填空题

I remember one night a few years ago when my daughter was frantic with worry. After my Harvard Extension School classes, I usually arrived at the bus station near my home by 11 p. m., but on that night I was nowhere to be found. My daughter was nervous. It wasn’t safe for a single woman to walk alone on the streets at night, especially one as defenseless as I am: I can slay a mugger with my sharp wit, but I am just too short to do any real physical damage.

That night my daughter checked the bus station, drove around the streets, and contacted some friends. But she couldn’t find me--until she called my astronomy professor who told her that I was on top of the Science Center using the telescope to gaze at the stars. Unaware of the time, I had gotten lost in the heavens and was only thinking about the new things I had learned that night in class.

This story illustrates a habit I have developed over the years: I lose track of the time when it comes to learning. (41) . I may have started late; but I will continue to learn as long as I am able because there is no greater feeling, in my opinion, than traveling to a faraway country as I have and being able to identify by sight the painting of a famous artist, the statue of an obscure sculptor, the cathedral of an ancient architect. (42) . So I will continue to take classes and tell my story.

Lately it seems that everyone is asking me, "Mary, what advice do you have for other students" So while I have you all here, I m going to ease my burden of answering you each individually: (43) . So listen to me when I tell you this: Knowledge is power.

My studies were interrupted when I was in the 7th grade, back sometime around World War I. I loved school but I was forced to leave it to care for my family. I was con-signed to work in a Rhode Island cotton mill, where I labored for many years. I eventually married and raised 5 children, 20 grandchildren, and 18 great-grandchildren. But all the while I felt inferior to those around me. I knew I was as smart as a college graduate. I knew I was capable of doing a job well— I had proved it by running a successful family business for decades that still exists. But I wanted more. I wanted to feel confident when I spoke and I Wanted people to respect my opinions. Does it surprise you to discover how much you have in common with an 89 year old woman (44) .

(45) . That belief is what has motivated me for the last 75 years to get this degree. It is also the mission of the Harvard Extension School. Without the support I received from this school, I might not have graduated until I was 100 -- a phrase that many of you have probably used in jest.

[A] If the saying is true that wisdom comes with age,, you may safely assume that I am one of the wisest people in this hall and possibly at this university today.

[B] f know that many of you graduates today, whether you were ’born in 1907 or 1967, have faced similar barriers to completing your studies and have sometimes felt inferior around those you work or socialize with just because you didn’t have a degree.

[C] If you have treated education as your main goal, and not as s means to an end. then you, too, have probably been claimed as a missing person once in your academic career, whether you were lost in the stars or the stacks of Widener Library.

[D] But I am here today like you are--to prove that it can be done; that the power gained by understanding and appreciating the world around us can be obtained by anyone regardless of social status, personal challenges, .or age.

[E] How else do you explain a woman who began high school at age 71 and who is graduating with a bachelor s degree at 89

[F] And you, too, know that the journey was worth it, and that the power of knowledge makes me the most formidable 89-year-old woman at the bus stop.

[G] I have found that the world is a final exam that you can never be prepared enough for.

44()