既罢归国，以相如功大，拜为上卿，位在廉颇之右^①。廉颇曰：“我为赵将，有攻城野战之大功，而蔺相如徒以口舌为劳，而位居我上，且相如素贱^②，吾羞，不忍为之下。”宣言曰^③：“我见相如，必辱之。”相如闻，不肯与会。相如每朝时，常称病，不欲与廉颇争列④。已而相如出，望见廉颇，相如引车避匿^⑤。于是舍人相与谏曰：“臣所以去亲戚而事君者，徒慕君之高义也。今君与廉颇同列，廉君宣恶言而君畏匿之，恐惧殊甚，且庸人尚羞之，况于将相乎！臣等不肖^⑥，请辞去。”蔺相如固止之，曰：“公之视廉 * * 孰与秦王^⑦？”曰：“不若也。”相如曰：“夫以秦王之威，而相如廷叱之，辱其群臣，相如虽驽^⑧，独畏廉 * * 哉？顾吾念之^⑨，强秦之所以不敢加兵于赵者，徒以吾两人在也。今两虎共斗，其势不俱生。吾所以为此者，以先国家之急而后私仇也。”廉颇闻之，肉袒负荆^⑩，因宾客至蔺相如门谢罪。曰：“鄙贱之人，不知 * * 宽之至此也。”卒相与欢，为刎颈之交。

【注释】①右：秦汉以前以右为上。②贱：指出身低贱。③宣言：扬言。④争列：争位次的排列。⑤引车：把车掉转方向。引：退。⑥不肖：不贤，没出息。⑦孰与：何如。这句的意思是，“你们看廉 * * 比秦王怎么样”。⑧驽：劣马。常喻人之蠢笨。⑨顾：但。⑩负荆：身背荆条，表示愿受责罚。因：依靠，通过。刎颈之交：誓同生死的好朋友

1、用“|”给下面句子划分朗读节奏。

     而 蔺 相 如 徒 以 口 舌 为 劳

2、下列划线词语的解释，不正确的一项是[ ]

      A、蔺相如徒以口舌为劳 （口舌：能言善变）

      B、相如虽驽（驽：才能平庸、低下）

      C、臣所以去亲戚而事君者 （去：到……地方去）

      D、鄙贱之人，不知 * * 宽之至此也 （鄙贱：见识浅薄）

3、用自己的话说说下列句子的意思。

     且庸人尚羞之，况将相乎？

      答：                                                                                                                  

4、用文中的词句填空。廉颇扬言见到相如“必辱之”。相如有意退让，“不肯与会”，

    “                                ”，“                                       ”。即使见到廉颇，相如也“                                    ”。从这里可以看到相如的大度与气量。

5、蔺相如和廉颇，你更欣赏哪一位？说说你的看法和理由。

     答：                                                                                                                                                

"The impulse to excess among young Britons remains as powerful as ever, but the force that used to keep the impulse in check has all but disappeared," claimed a newspaper. Legislation that made it easier to get hold of a drink was "an Act for the increase of drunkenness and immorality", asserted a politician.

The first statement comes from 2005, the second from 1830. On both occasions, the object of scorn was a parliamentary bill that promised to sweep away " antiquated" licensing laws. As liberal regulations came into force this week, Britons on both sides of the debate unwittingly followed a 19th-century script.

Reformers then, as now, took a benign view of human nature. Make booze cheaper and more readily available, said the liberalisers, and drinkers would develop sensible, continental European-style ways. Nonsense, retorted the critics. Habits are hard to change; if Britons can drink easily, they will drink more.

Worryingly for modern advocates of liberalisation, earlier doomsayers turned out to be right. Between 1820 and 1840, consumption of malt (which is used to make beer) increased by more than 50%. Worse, Britons developed a keener taste for what Thomas Carlyle called "liquid madness"—gin and other spirits.

The backlash was fierce. Critics pointed to widespread debauchery in the more disreputable sections of the working class. They were particularly worried about the people who, in a later age, came to be known as "ladettes". An acute fear, says Virginia Berridge, who studies temperance at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, was that women would pass on their sinful ways to their children.

In the 19th century, temperance organisations set up their own newspapers to educate the public about the consequences of excess. That, at least, has changed: these days, the mainstream media rail against the demon drink all by themselves.

According to the text, the phrase "the second" in the second paragraph refers to（）

A. the statement by a critic

B. the increase of drunkenness

C. the decline of immorality

D. the assertion by a politician