问题 问答题 简答题

简述肠梗阻的鉴别诊断

答案

参考答案:

(1)胃、十二指肠穿孔:表现为突发的剧烈腹痛,疼痛初起部位多位于上腹部,迅速蔓延至全腹,多数患者既往有胃病或溃疡病史;体检可发现腹部有明显腹膜炎体征,腹肌高度强直;立位腹平片检查可发现膈下腹腔内游离气体存在。

(2)急性胰腺炎:发病突然,多发生于酗酒或暴饮暴食后;疼痛部位多位于上腹部,腹膜炎体征明显,血清淀粉酶显著升高。

(3)胆石症、急性胆囊炎:疼痛主要位于右上腹,且以发作性绞痛为主;B超检查可发现胆囊结石、胆囊增大、胆囊壁水肿等。

(4)急性阑尾炎:多数患者有较为典型的转移性右下腹疼痛,如合并阑尾穿孔会出现全腹痛;体检可发现右下腹局限性的腹膜炎体征。在诊断时除需确定有无肠梗阻外,还需对各类肠梗阻的病因及不同类型进行鉴别诊断,如机械性/动力性、单纯性/绞窄性、高位/低位、完全/不完全肠梗阻等。

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Some weird, wild and wonderful stories coloured the news in 2010:

★A Copenhagen bus company has put "love seats" on 103 of its vehicles for people looking for a partner. "Even love at first sight is possible on the bus," said a spokesman for the British owned Arriva company to explain the two seats on each bus that are covered in red cloth and a "love seat" sign.

★Shoppers at an international luxury fair in Verona, Italy, found a cell-phone-equipped golden coffin among the items on display. The phones will help "the dead" contact relatives if they have been buried alive by mistake.

★A man in New York came up with a disarming way to set off his latest bank heist , approaching the clerk’s window with a large bunch of flowers and handing over a hold-up note saying“give me the money!”

★ An Englishman who lost all his legs and arms in an electrical accident successfully swam across the Channel, a challenge he had been preparing for two years. The whole cost is 400 dollars.

★A set of artificial teeth made for Britain's war-time prime minister Winston Churchill known as "the teeth that saved the world" sold for nearly 18,000 pounds (21,500 euros, 24,000 dollars) at auction.

★A British woman caused an Internet hate campaign after she was caught on camera dumping a cat in a rubbish bin. She was fined 250 pounds (400 dollars, 280 euros) after pleading guilty.

★The BBC apologized completely and without any doubts after a radio presenter jokingly announced that Queen Elizabeth II had died.

★Two Australian men needed surgery after shooting each other in the bottoms during a drinking session to see if it would hurt were charged 400 dollars separately.

★ A Kuwaiti MP(议员) proposed state-aid for male citizens to take second wives, in a bid to reduce the large number of unmarried women in the oil-rich state.

小题1:What is special about the coffin in the second news?

A.It is golden

B.It has a cell phone.

C.It is a luxury

D.It has many items小题2:What is the probable meaning of the underlined wordheist in the third news?

A.robbery

B.proposal

C.begging

D.raising money小题3:Who has to spend 400 dollars to do the surgery?

A.A British woman who dumped a cat in a rubbish bin.

B.One who bought Winston Churchill’s artificial teeth.

C.An Australian man who shot in bottom to test the hurt.

D.An Englishman crossing the Channel without legs and arms.小题4:From the last news we can infer that _________.

A.In Kuwait many men are eager to get married

B.A lot of rich single men lived in Kuwait

C.There are quantities of oil in Kuwait

D.There are many single women in Kuwait