问题 问答题 简答题

试述护理质量主要体现在哪几个方面。

答案

参考答案:

护理质量主要体现在以下几个方面:

(1)护理工作模式。护理人员应具备整体护理观念,主动、全面、系统地了解病人在心理、生理、社会、精神、文化等方面的整体需求,帮助病人最大程度地达到生理与心理、社会的平衡和适应;充分调动病人在恢复健康方面的主观能动性;达到接受检查、诊断、治疗、手术和自我康复的最佳状态。

(2)护理工作方法。要求护理人员按护理程序开展护理工作,评估病人的资料要做到及时、准确、完整;提出的护理问题正确;确立的护理目标恰当;护理计划切实可行;护理措施落实,基础护理、专科护理、健康教育到位,记录动态、客观、真实地反映病人的健康状况。

(3)护理工作效果、效率和效益。主要内容有服务对象和护理服务的满意程度,护理工作投入和产出的比例,以及是否存在护理缺陷。

选择题
填空题


In the following passage, there are 25 blanks representing words that are missing from the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 25 minutes.
Some consumer researchers distinguish (1) "rational" motives and "emotional" (or "non-rational") motives. They use the term "rationality" (2) the traditional economic sense that assumes (3) consumers behave rationally when they carefully consider all alternatives (4) choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e., satisfaction). (5) a marketing context, the term "rationality" implies that the consumer selects goods based (6) totally objective criteria, such (7) size, weight, price, and so on. "Emotional" motives imply the selection of goods (8) to personal or subjective criteria—the desire (9) individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.
The assumption underlying this distinction is (10) subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize utility or satisfaction. (11) , it is reasonable to assume that consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, (12) their view, serve to maximize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based (13) the individual’s own needs as (14) as on past behavioral, social, and learning experiences. What may appear (15) irrational to an outside observer may be perfectly rational (16) the context of the consumer’s own psychological field. For example, a product purchased to enhance one’s self-image (such as a fragrance) is a perfectly rational form of consumer behavior. (17) behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes it (18) the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. (19) the distinction between rational and emotional motives does not appear to be warranted.
Some researchers go so far (20) to suggest that emphasis (21) "needs" obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously (22) maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act not (23) subconscious drives but from rational preferences, (24) what they perceive to be (25) their own best interests.