问题 问答题

      1920年印度传教士辛格来到勾达姆里村。他在一个巨大的白蚁穴附近,发现狼群中有两个怪物,原来是两个裸体的女孩。据辛格讲,这两个孩子刚回到人类社会之处,象狼一样舔食东西,吞食生肉;四肢爬行,喜暗怕光;她们那目光锐利刺人的眼睛,黑暗中能象狼似的闪闪发光;再热也不淌汗,而是象狗般地张大嘴巴喘气,借以散热降温;不管主人给她们穿上什么衣服,都被撕个粉碎,她们不会说人话,仅在夜深人静后,不时发出阵阵长嗥。1955年,法国学者、巴黎人种博物馆馆长、人种古生物研究所所长安里·瓦罗曾在一篇文章中描述了动物抚养人孩的若干有趣事件。学者们的看法是:在兽穴里发现的孩子年龄一般在2-10岁之间,他们不会说话,不能直立行走,也不会哭和笑。但他们会象野兽一样,龇牙和凶狠地嚎叫。他们不吃熟食,惧人和避人。很多“野孩”后来都被送到孤儿院或医院去教养,但很遗憾,教养的结果不佳。狼孩和熊孩若干年后,才勉强学会直立,用手吃食和懂某些词语。

(1)请谈谈你对人类的学习行为有什么新的认识。这对你树立良好的学习态度有什么启示?

(2)不同动物的学习能力有差别吗?学习行为有遗传因素的作用吗?

答案

(1)这一事实也说明,人类大脑的发育,人类语言的发展和通过语言文字等信息符号的学习是有关键时期的,如果错过了这一时期就很难进行补偿。所以,对一个人来说技能的训练和知识的学习,应该与大脑发育的阶段相适应。这样,一个人才能得到更健全的发展。“少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲”,同学们应当珍惜学生时代的大好时光,努力学习,增长才干。

(2)不同动物的学习能力是有差别的。动物越低等,学习能力也就越差。走迷宫的蚯蚓要经过200次以上的尝试和错误后,才能学会直接爬向潮湿的暗室。而走复杂迷宫的鼠学习就快得多。对于同种动物的不同个体或不同种的动物来说,即使学习条件相同,学习的速度也会有差异,这是因为学习行为也会受到遗传因素的影响。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

Hi, Antonio,

     I read your blog and guess what? Now I have a summer job with my neighbor moving their lawn and

doing work around their house and I am getting paid. I do the same work at my house but the pay is better

at the neighbor's. Have a great summer, man! 

                                                                                                                                Posted by: Jack

Dear Antonio,

     My son is 15 and he has been begging for a summer job. Do you know of any place that hires children

of that age?

                                                                                                                             Posted by: Vallery

Hi, Antonio,

     I am 13 years old and trying to earn money to take a trip with my chorus to Hawaii. I am willing to do

any work at any hour during the summer.

                                                                                                                     Posted by Ashley Jordan

Hi, Antonio,

     I am 19 years old, a college student and I am looking for a summer job. Does anyone know somewhere

that is hiring? I have been looking for two weeks now.

                                                                                                                         Posted by: Erica Allen

Dear Antonio,

     My daughter is working in the file room at the law firm I work for and I am very happy that we were

able to get her on. My concern is that she wouldn't have got the summer job if I had not "known" people.

What about kids whose parents do not know someone?

                                                                                                                             Posted by: Tracy

Hi, Antonio,

     I found my summer job on my own and my parents are so proud of me because I did it on my own.

That is why the world needs teens who can take responsibility for themselves and grow into mature and

wise adults. Can't wait for your next blog. I enjoy your writing. You have a great point of view.

                                                                                                                                Posted by: Jeff

1. What may be the topic of Antonio's blog this time?

A. A great summer.

B. Getting a summer job.

C. An ideal career.

D. Entering a profession.

2. From the above posts we learn that _____.

A. Jack gets paid for cutting and moving the lawn for his own family

B. Valley has been begging in streets over the summer

C. Erica is quite experienced in finding part-time jobs

D. Ashley is willing to do any part-time job during his trip to Hawaii

3. What do we know about Tracy from her post?

A. She works in a file room.

B. She helped her daughter to become a lawyer.

C. She's proud that she helped her daughter find a job.

D. She thinks children should take responsibility for themselves.

4. Where can we find the text most probably?

 A. In a book.

B. In a report.

C. On the Internet.

D. In a bulletin (公告).