《钢规》7．1．5条的最后一句，摘录于下面：当熔合线处焊缝截面边长等于或接近于最短距离s时（图7．1．5b、c、e），抗剪强度设计值应按角焊缝的强度设计值乘以0．9。如何理解？看本条的条文说明，感觉很乱，看不明白。
参考答案：依据条文说明，笔者对该条的理解如下：
（1）端面角焊缝强度提高系数β只是在焊缝受压时才取为1.22，受拉时要取为1.0。
（2）当熔合线处焊缝截面边长等于或接近于最短距离s时，焊缝强度会降低，对于端焊缝受拉的情况，由于取β=1.0本身已经将强度降低了，故f不再考虑降低。
（3）当熔合线处焊缝截面边长等于或接近于最短距离s时，若是端焊缝受压，此时，一方面取β=1.22，另一方面，考虑到会有一部分压力通过焊件传递，因此，f也不考虑折减。
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。 A conflict at work is common. If you can avoid conflict, it means you will win what you want regardless of what the other person wants. Since the potential issue has not been removed, it will simply reappear later. Here are the necessary steps to effectively get rid of conflicts at work. ★Be aware of the fact that some conflicts are unavoidable at work. On numerous occasions, conflict and disagreement are likely to happen. But when a conflict happens it’s not the end of the world. On the contrary, it can be the beginning of an interesting learning process. Conflicts mean that people care enough to disagree strongly. The trick is not to allow the conflict to go on forever. ★ Deal with conflicts sooner rather than later. Solve a conflict when it starts, as it only gets worse with time going by. Conflicts at work arise not from something that was said, but from something that wasn’t said! Everyone’s waiting for the other to admit he’s wrong and gets more unpleasant after the conflict has lasted a while. It’s essential to interrupt the "waiting game" before it gets to that point. ★ Ask nicely. If somebody has done something that made you angry, or if you don’t understand their viewpoint or actions, simply asking nicely about it can make a world of difference. Never assume that people do what they do to annoy or hurt you. Sometimes there’s a good reason why that person does what he or she does, and a potential conflict disappear right there. Do remember to make an inquiry, not an accusation of any sort. ★ Appreciate. Praise the other part in the conflict. Tell them why it’s worth it to you to solve the conflict. This can be difficult as few people find it easy to praise and appreciate a person they disagree strongly with, but it’s a great way to move forward.
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