新柏拉图主义
参考答案：
新柏拉图主义被认为是以古希腊思想来建构宗教哲学的典型。其主要代表是普罗提诺，他将柏拉图的客观唯心主义哲学、基督教神学观念与东方神秘主义等思想熔为一炉，从而为基督教文论的基本取向和奥古斯丁等人的神学思考铺平了道路。所以人们将他视为教父哲学的鼻祖。与柏拉图的“理念”相似，普罗提诺也将美的根源归结到彼岸世界，并对有别于世俗艺术的“美”的追求本身怀有极高的期待。这一方面使西方人借助艺术寻求超越的冲动得以传递，另一方面也必然要求批评去揭示文学背后所隐喻着的永恒真理甚至信仰的启示。
| 完形填空。 | ||||
| A long time ago in India, there was a young king and a wise man who was the king's friend. This king was a good man, 1 he talked too much. In fact, sometimes the king could not stop talking. The wise man thought, "I must 2 the king talk less. But how?" There was a lake not 3 from the palace. A tortoise and two birds lived near the lake, and they were 4 good friends. One day, the birds said to the tortoise, " 5 are going to a beautiful mountain tomorrow. 6 you like to come with us?" The tortoise answered, " 7 can I go with you? I can't fly." "We can take you," the birds said. "Hold a stick in your mouth, and we'll carry the stick between us." "Thank you. You're very 8 , "said the exited tortoise. "Bite on (咬住) the stick,and don't 9 . If you open your mouth, you'll fall," the birds said. The next day, the king and the wise man saw the two 10 in the sky. "Look!" said the king. "Those birds are carrying 11 ! What is it?" The tortoise heard this and wanted to say. "I'm a tortoise! I'm flying!" He opened his mouth to say it, and 12 the ground. "It's a dead tortoise!" said the 13 . "Why did it fall from the sky?" The wise man answered, "This talkative tortoise couldn't hold onto the stick 14 it couldn't keep its mouth shut. Great King, this shows us how bad it is to talk 15 ." The king said, "I understand you, my friend." And after that he became a wiser and less talkative king. | ||||
|