Three years ago, five parrots were set free in a wild place of Arizona, thousands of miles from the Channel Islands in Jersey where they had been looked after by zookeepers. No evolutionary strategies informed them how to behave in this new landscape of mountainous pine forest unoccupied by their kind for 50 years. To the researchers’ surprise, they failed to make contact with a group of wild parrots imported from Mexico and set free at the same time. Within 24 hours the reintroducing ended in failure, and the poor birds were back in cages, on their way to the safety of the Arizona reintroduction programme.

Ever since then, the programme has enjoyed great success, mainly because the birds now being set free are Mexican birds illegally caught in the wild, confiscated （没收） on arrival north of the border, and raised by their parents in the safety of the programme. The experience shows how little we know about the behaviour and psychology （心理） of parrots, as Peter Bennett, a bird researcher, points out: “Reintroducing species of high intelligence like parrots is a lot more difficult. People like parrots, always treating them as nothing more than pets or valuable ‘collectables’.”

Now that many species of parrot are in immediate danger of dying out, biologists are working together to study the natural history and the behaviour of this family of birds. Last year was an important turning point: conservationists founded the World Parrot Trust, based at Hayle in Cornwall, to support research into both wild and caged birds.

Research on parrots is vital for two reasons. First, as the Arizona programme showed, when reintroducing parrots to the wild, we need to be aware of what the birds must know if they are to survive in their natural home. We also need to learn more about the needs of parrots kept as pets, particularly as the Trust’s campaign does not attempt to discourage the practice, but rather urges people who buy parrots as pets to choose birds raised by humans.

小题1:What do we know about the area where the five parrots were reintroduced?

A．Its landscape is new to parrots of their kind.

B．It used to be home to parrots of their kind.

C．It is close to where they had been kept.

D．Pine trees were planted to attract birds.小题2:The reintroducing experience three years ago shows that man-raised parrots

A．can find their way back home in Jersey

B．are unable to recognize their parents

C．are unable to adapt to the wild

D．can produce a new species小题3:Why are researches on parrots important according to the passage?

A．The Trust shows great concern for the programme.

B．We need to know more about how to preserve parrots.

C．Many people are interested in collecting parrots.

D．Parrots’ intelligence may some day benefit people.小题4:According to the passage, people are advised ______.

A．to treat wild and caged parrots equally

B．to set up comfortable homes for parrots

C．not to keep wild parrots as pets

D．not to let more parrots go to the wild

B Egyptian Villages 埃及村落

Most of the inhabitants live in mud-brick homes, their (1)  walls insulating against the afternoon heat. Flat roofs, exposed (2)  the northern evening breezes, serve as cool sleeping (3)  as well as storage areas. Villagers plaster the outer walls (4)  often trim them in blue, a color they believe (5)  off the evil eye. As a man becomes richer, (6)  can add a second story to his house perhaps (7)  his married son. Those villagers who have made the (8)  to Mecca paint the legend of their trip on (9)  outer walls of their homes. Such hajj houses, along (10)  the mosques, are the most distinguished buildings in a (11)

Some villagers build ornate pigeon coops close to their (12) , using the birds as food and their droppings to (13)  crops. Many houses still have dirt floors and lack (14)  or running water; women with jars balanced on their (15)  make the trek to the community well, and children donkeys haul the (16)  liquid in jerry cans.

All (17)  said, government sponsored building programs have also brought newer (18)  residences and utilities to some villages, particularly those outside (19)  Nile Valley in the Oases and the Red Sea (20)  areas.

18.（）