阅读材料，回答问题。
材料一公元前600—300年是人类文明的“轴心时代”。这一时期东西方都出现了杰出的思想家，西方有苏格拉底，东方有孔子，他们的思想照亮人类前进的道路。
分别概述两种不同的教学形式所体现的时代特征。
参考答案：
特征：中国师道尊严，反映出春秋时期社会变革，礼崩乐坏的时代，孔子希望恢复西周的“礼”。
雅典学院的平等教学氛围，反映出雅典城邦民主政治制度的高度发展及经济文化繁荣的时代特征。
解析：
时代特征注意联系所学，抓住孔子和苏格拉底所处的时代，从政治经济状况的角度来归纳，可得出中国师道尊严，反映出春秋时期社会变革，礼崩乐坏的时代，孔子希望恢复西周的“礼”；雅典学院的平等教学氛围，反映出雅典城邦民主政治制度的高度发展及经济文化繁荣的时代特征。
考点：中国传统文化主流思想的演变·春秋战国时期的百家争鸣·孔子；西方人文精神的起源·苏格拉底·苏格拉底的思想
Passage Four
| In considering how the American family is changing, the starting point is the traditional family, a form which has developed over time on the basis of a number of assumptions. It is assumed that the family is heterosexual (异性的) institution, with prescriptions about how a man and a woman ought to be joined together and live together. The proper family form is assumed to be the nuclear family, that is, a family composed of a married man and woman and their children. It is assumed that the husband is the head of the family, with ultimate authority over wife and children, and that in their clearly separated roles the husband is the income-earner and the wife is the homemaker and provider of child care. It is assumed that the family lives by itself in its own house or residence. Observers of family life have suggested that numerous changes are taking place in this traditional American family form. Included are the following general observations about trends. More men and women seem to be living together before getting married. Women and men seem to be marrying at a later age. Married couples are having fewer children. Unmarried women appear to be having more children. Wives, even mothers with small children, are increasingly likely to be employed outside the home. Marriages are more likely to end with divorce. Single-parent families are more prevalent. Remarriage is likely to follow divorce rather than widowhood. Remarriage rates are declining, especially for women. Some trends, viewed in a long-range historical context, appear not to be trends at all. The age at which men and women normally marry is the same now as it was 100 years ago, though it has fluctuated (变动，波动); a short-range increase in the 1940s and 1950s due to widespread postponement of marriage in war time made it appear that a change had occurred. Other trends appear to be following established patterns rather than representing a sharp break with tradition. Divorce rates have been increasing and families have been having fewer children for well over a century. Single-parent families and stepfamilies were very common in the past, although the reason for them was different. Many marriages formerly are dissolved and followed by remarriage because of the death of a parent or partner. Today single parenthood and remarriage are more likely to be a response to divorce. Some social scientists see in these changes the breakdown of the family, to the detriment of the society. We take the position that family institutions and systems, like all human systems, are open, take many forms, and are constantly changing. |
According to the passage, the increase in divorce rates and single-parent families appear to ______ .
A．become the most obvious trend of all
B．follow established patterns
C．represent a sharp break with traditions
D．be the most harmful to society
