问题 问答题 简答题

简述急性胰腺炎的CT表现。

答案

参考答案:

急性胰腺炎分为水肿性和坏死性。

(1)急性水肿性胰腺炎:多数病例均有胰腺体积弥漫性增大。胰腺密度稍下降,胰腺轮廓模糊,肾前筋膜增厚,渗出明显的,还可有胰周积液。增强CT扫描,胰腺均匀增强,无坏死区域。

(2)急性坏死性胰腺炎:

①胰腺体积呈弥漫性增大。

②胰腺密度改变与胰腺病理变化密切相关。胰腺水肿区表现CT值降低,坏死区域的CT值更低,而出血区域的CT值则高于正常胰腺。增强扫描坏死区无强化,可使胰腺正常组织与坏死区对比更明显。

③胰腺周围的脂肪间隙消失,胰腺边界模糊不清。

④胰周往往出现积液,小网膜囊积液最为常见。炎症还可扩展到盆腔、升降结肠周围间隙、肠系膜、脾胃周围、肾前间隙、肾周筋膜增厚。

⑤胰腺脓肿,CT表现为胰腺局限性低密度灶,内部可出现特征性表现一气泡影,增强呈低密度无强化区。脓肿比较可靠的征象为病灶区域出现散在小气泡。

⑥假性囊肿:CT表现为边界清晰的囊性低密度影,囊内为液体密度。

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For the people who have never traveled across the Atlantic the voyage is a fantasy. But for the people who cross it frequently one crossing of the Atlantic is very much like another, and they do not make the voyage for the (56) of its interest. Most of us are quite happy when we feel (57) to go to bed and pleased when the journey (58) . On the first night this time I felt especially lazy and went to bed (59) earlier than usual. When I (60) my cabin, I was surprised (61) that I was to have a companion during my trip, which made me feel a little unhappy. I had expected (62) but there was a suitcase (63) mine in the opposite corner. I wondered who he could be and what he would be like. Soon afterwards he came in. He was the sort of man you might meet (64) , except that he was wearing (65) good clothes that I made up my mind that we would not (66) whoever he was and did not say (67) . As I had expected, he did not talk to me either but went to bed immediately.
I suppose I slept for several hours because when I woke up it was already the middle of the night. I felt cold but covered (68) as well as I could and tried to go back to sleep. Then I realized that a (69) was coming from the window opposite. I thought perhaps I had forgotten (70) the door, so I got up (71) the door but found it already locked from the inside. The cold air was coming from the window opposite. I crossed the room and (72) the moon shone through it on to the other bed. (73) there. It took me a minute or two to (74) the door myself. I realized that my companion (75) through the window into the sea.

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