In the following essay, each blank has four choices. Choose the best answer and write down on the answer sheet.

In security, an (1) is a form of possible loss or harm in a computing system; examples of exposures are unauthorized disclosure of data, modification of data, or (2) of legitimate access to computing. A vulnerability is a weakness in the security system that might be exploited to cause loss or harm. A human who exploits a vulnerability perpetrates an attack on the system. Threats to computing systems are circumstances that have the potential to cause loss or harm; human attacks are examples of threats, as are natural disasters, inadvertent human errors, and internal hardware or software (3) . Finally, a control is a protective measure an action, a device, a procedure, or a technique - that reduces a vulnerability. The major (4) of computing systems are hardware, software, and data. There are four kinds of threats to the security of a computing system: interruption, interception, modification, and (5) . The four threats all exploit vulnerabilities of the assets in computing systems.

4（）

A．reason

B．assets

C．possession

D．component

按照《五金交电家电化工商品的购销合同实施办法》规定，供方错发到站、中转单位、收货单位及接货人，与需方同城的，由需方就近解决。供方应承担（）。

A、违约金

B、货物损失

C、由此造成的损失和费用

D、中国人民银行规定的罚金