材料一：西藏公安边防总队帕里边防派出所的几十名官兵坚守国门，把维护人民的根本利益当成自己义不容辞的责任。一次大雪成灾，数名群众在山里失踪。所长带着战士们在风雪交加中搜寻了两个昼夜，差点儿冻死。但他们发誓不找到牧民决不收兵。当在死亡线上挣扎的牧民们看到战士时，激动地喊着：“我们有救了！”在战士们的救助下，7位牧民和890头牲畜终于平安回到了帕里。

材料二：柏枝树村富了，但当家人姚增荣却“穷”了。“姚书记甘心情愿放弃赚大钱的机会，一门心思带领我们群众苦干实干，才让我们这个远近闻名的穷村变成人人羡慕的小康村。”村民曾广芬一语说出了全村人的心声。被评为“农村‘三个代表’重要思想学习教育活动先进个人”的姚增荣在谈到个人得失时，憨厚地说：“看着3000群众人人赚1万，比我个人赚100万更开心。”

根据上述材料，结合相关知识，回答下列问题：

（1）材料一和材料二共同反映出什么问题？

（2）结合材料说明中 * * 党的性质及指导思想。

Most "unassertive" people are not confident and take no for an answer much too easily. There is a growing awareness in our society that this tendency (1) the rights of large numbers of people. For example, in recent years there has been an upsurge in (2) and pressure groups. This is a (3) as there will always be a need for such organizations to (4) individuals and minorities in a competitive society. The danger is that we (5) for our rights and lose the art of asserting ourselves. It is better for (6) with other people if you can learn (7) for yourself.
Now, we have to learn to ignore some of the (8) that may be ringing in our unconscious minds, such as: "If you ask once more, I’ll flatten you", and " (9) ".
The main technique that we use in (10) to practice the art of persistence is called Broken Record. (11) we hear one sentence over and over again until we reach screaming pitch and (12) .
Broken Record is the skill of being able to repeat over and over again, (13) , what it is you want or need, until the other person gives in or (14) .
Now, this technique is extremely useful for dealing with situations where your rights are clearly (15) , or coping with situations where you are likely to be diverted by clever, (16) .
The beauty of using Broken Record is that you (17) because you know exactly what you are going to say, however (18) the other person tries to be.
As with most assertive techniques, it must be used appropriately. It is (19) and is not designed to foster deep, interesting conversations and friendships with people! It is primarily of use in situations where (20) .