问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一:为缓解交通压力,减少机动车污染,北京市最快将于2015年征收“拥堵费”。日前全市交通工作会议透露,今年内将制订出中心城低排放区交通拥堵收费方案。目前正在研究伦敦市和米兰市关于低排放区拥堵收费的两种模式,北京或将结合城市实际采用其中一种模式。据研究分析,造成北京交通拥堵的原因是多方面的,但拥堵的主要原因还在于城市规划上的不足,建设合格的道路、提高道路的使用效率将成为排堵的关键。

材料二:为解决道路拥堵问题,北京市人大常委会多次组织部分市人大代表开展文化工作视察和调研活动,听取反映人民群众的意见和建议;2013年9月28日,北京市十四届人大常委会第六次会议听取了副市长陈刚代表市政府所作的关于“加强城市规划管理,标本兼治缓解交通拥堵”议案办理情况的报告和市人大城建环保委的意见建议,表决通过了《北京市交通保护和促进条例》;同时还强调,根据中央精神和北京市政府要求,各区县政府必须加强规范化管理,充分发挥辅助管理、协助维护交通秩序作用。

请依据材料一提供的信息,运用“唯物辩证法的实质与核心”的相关知识,阐述北京市治理交通拥堵方案的合理性。

答案

参考答案:

①矛盾的普遍性与特殊性相互联结,普遍性寓于特殊性之中,特殊性也离不开普遍性,要坚持矛盾普遍性与特殊性的统一。北京研究伦敦市和米兰市关于拥堵收费的两种模式,并将结合城市实际采用其中一种模式,做到了共性与个性的具体、历史的统一。

②主要矛盾在复杂事物发展过程中处于支配地位,起决定作用,因此要抓重点、集中力量解决主要矛盾。北京分析得出拥堵的主要原因还在于城市规划上的不足,并采取措施解决这一关键问题。

解析:为缓解交通压力,减少机动车污染,北京市最快将于2015年征收“拥堵费”。设问要求运用“唯物辩证法的实质与核心”阐述北京治理交通拥堵方案的合理性。唯物辩证法的实质与核心是矛盾规律,我们结合材料,从矛盾的普遍性与特殊性的辩证关系原理、方法论、主要矛盾地位,主要矛盾方法论分析。

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The Newhouse shelter in Kansas City has helped thousands of abused women and their children over the past 37 years. But last month, the women were forced to move out and the staff started looking for new jobs. The reason was simple. While the need was there, the money was not. Dwindling charitable contributions tied to a broad U.S. economic slowdown mean fewer resources and hard choices for charities across the country.

"People are holding tight to their money," said Newhouse President Leslie Caplan, who estimated charitable contributions were down $200,000 this year compared to last year. That, combined with cuts in government grants, has severely squeezed the center’s $1.3 million budget.

As Americans struggling with rising unemployment and home foreclosures turn to charities for help, charities themselves are running into financial difficulties as donations dwindle. They are being forced to increase their outreach, hold more fund-raising events and seek out new donors to make ends meet. "The people who used to give us small amounts, $10 or $15, that is going away. The people who have a lot of money still are able to give, but they are more selective in their giving," McIntyre said. "It’s getting bad out there. "

Philanthropic Giving Index, which measures prospects for charitable donations, has dropped to 83 on a scale of 100 from 88 in December 2007, its lowest point since 2003. Rev. Cecil Williams noticed that donations to Glide Memorial United Methodist Church in San Francisco began falling off earlier this year, forcing him to cut meals, child care, and health care to the poor by up to 15 percent. Meanwhile, the lines for help grow longer.

Melissa Perez of La Habra, California, hosted a Brazilian student last year under the auspices of the Center for Cultural Interchange, a Chicago-based nonprofit that arranges for families to house and feed foreign students. "Everything’s hard. We’re very much pinched," said Perez, who cannot afford to do it again this year because her family’s manufacturing business is in trouble. Such experiences mean the Center for Cultural Interchange has not been able to find enough volunteers.

"Business is not as good and they feel the pressure and that leads to a decline in giving," said Bridges board member Inayat Malik. "How much people give depends on’ how secure they feel," Berman said. "I think we’ll see an impact on personal giving this fall and winter, which is when most charitable organizations depend on generosity.

The word "dwindle" most probably means()

A. to decline

B. to increase

C. to stop

D. to remain