问题 单项选择题

重合指数法对()算法的破解最有效。

A、置换密码

B、单表代换密码

C、多表代换密码

D、序列密码

答案

参考答案:C

填空题

[化学——有机化学基础](13分)

A、B、C、D四种芳香族化合物有的是药物、有的是香料。它们的结构简式如下所示:

A                       B                C                        D

请回答下列问题:

(1)既能使FeCl3溶液显紫色又能和NaHCO3反应放出气体的有       (用A、B、C、D填空)。

(2)1molA最多能与       molH2发生加成反应。

(3)B分子中含有的官能团是______________(填写名称);B的同分异构体中,苯环上有两个邻位取代基,分别为“—OH”和含有“—COO—”结构的基团共有4种,其中两种(G和H)结构简式如下图所示,请补充另外两种。

                                 

(4)2006年齐齐哈尔第二制药厂生产的假药“亮菌甲素注射液”导致多名患者肾功能衰竭。D是“亮菌甲素”的结构简式,它配以辅料丙二醇溶成针剂用于临床。假药中使用廉价的二甘醇作为辅料,二甘醇为工业溶剂,有很强的毒性。 “亮菌甲素” 不能发生的反应类型是        

A.取代反应     B.消去反应     C.加成反应     D.氧化反应

(5)已知:①—COOH连接在苯环上,酸性显著增强。②醇和酸在催化剂作用下可直接反应生成酯,而酚不能。酚只能跟有机酸酐作用生成酯。例如:

现以C为基本原料,请选择必要的其他反应物,用最佳途径合成

请写出其反应的化学方程式:

                                                     

                                                     

阅读理解

In the face of rising gas costs, many consumers are beginning to consider the choice of a hybrid(混合动力的) vehicle--one which operates on both gas and electricity. All of the models of hybrid car will save money, but are they really effective when all of the costs of maintenance(维修) and other considerations are included in?

First of all, consider the cost of buying a hybrid vehicle. Depending on the model, hybrid vehicles can cost anywhere from $2,000 to $5,000 more than the traditional models. However, some say that as the hybrid cars become increasingly more available as a reflection of demand, the prices can be expected to drop, making them more cost effective when it comes to the initial investment(初始投资).

Also important to keep in mind is the fact that the hybrid cars have a much more specialized system than the standard vehicle, and will therefore require more specialized workers to repair them when they break down.

It seems as though, at least for the time being, the purchase of a hybrid vehicle for the average consumer may not be the best choice when it comes to saving money. It is important to keep several things in mind, however, when considering purchasing a hybrid model. Many consumers are choosing to purchase these cars because they represent a significant development in terms of environmental concerns over standard models. They also mean that as a whole, Western nations will become less dependent on oil as the only means of power.

Finally, it is necessary to remember that the hybrid car is a very new technology. Developed only within the last few years, the technology is still in the starting stage, where costs will continue to be high. As time passes, the development of the hybrid technology will begin to push prices down to the point where hybrids are more competitive with the traditionally fueled models of the past.

72.What is the purpose of writing this article?

A. To tell the readers about the advantages of hybrid cars.

B. To warn the readers of the disadvantages of hybrid cars.

C. To advise people to think twice before buying hybrid cars.

D. To call on people to buy hybrid cars to protect the environment.

73.Which is the benefit of hybrid cars?

A. Consuming less gas.         B. Being easier to drive.

C. Lower initial investment.  D. Lower maintenance cost.

74.What do we know from the passage?

A. The hybrid technology is very new and mature as well.

B. It’s not easy to repair a hybrid car due to its special system.

C. Many average consumers can not afford to buy hybrid cars.

D. The traditional vehicles are much safer to drive than hybrid cars.

75.We can infer from the passage that          in the future.

A. the traditional cars will gradually disappear

B. the hybrid vehicles will gradually disappear

C. the cost of hybrid cars will be more reasonable

D. the hybrid technology will bring oil prices down