问题 问答题 论述题

中世纪以前的儿童观是什么?系统地对儿童进行研究始于什么时间?具有代表性的儿童观有哪些?

答案

参考答案:

中世纪以前,人们多半认为儿童是成人的雏形,是“小型成人”,他们要接受成人式的训练,做成人要做的工作。他们很少拥有自己的权利,他们的存在也不受成人的重视。系统地对儿童进行研究始于19世纪末期。具有代表性的儿童观有:捷克教育家夸美纽斯提出,教育必须贯彻适应自然的原则,所谓“适应自然”;英国哲学家洛克提出了“白板说”,认为人的心灵在出生时就如一块白板,一切知识和观念及行为模式都是从经验中获得的;法国思想家卢梭认为,儿童是“高贵的野蛮人”,他们生来就被赋予了一套有序、健康成长的普遍进程表。教育必须顺应自然适应性原则。

阅读理解

D

In the 1960s, people asked about your astrological sign(星相). In the 1990s, they wanted to know your website (网址). These days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address. Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially, millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The Web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.

Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. Like the table of contents of a book or a magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it.

While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout (版面设计). At the top of the page is a banner(大标题) GRAPHIC. Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, texts, and links to other websites follow.

Before you start building your site, do some planning. Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say. Next, gather up the material that you want to put on the site. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.

While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind:

Start simply If you are too ambitious (雄心勃勃的) at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add to your site.

Less is better Most people don't like to read a lot of text online. Break it into small pieces.

Smaller is better Most people connect to the Internet with a modem (调制解调器). Since it can take a long time to download large image files, keep the file sizes small.

Have the rights Don't put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally (合法地). Learn the Net's Copyright Article for more about this.

Now it's time to roll up your sleeves and start building. Learning the Net Communities provides tools to help you build your site.

68. The main purpose of the passage is to tell you _____.

A. what a website is like

B. how to build your own website

C. how to meet people online

D. what a website is made up of

69. According to the writer, your website is a place _____.

A. where you can meet people all around the world

B. where you can buy what you want

C. where you can get free services

D. where you can meet people on the Internet

70. The purpose of the home page of your website is _____.

A. to give a list of all the contents of your website

B. to make it look like a front door

C. to direct people to more of your pages

D. to design the cover of a book or magazine

71. The writer thinks that if you are too ambitious at the beginning, _____.

A. your website may leave no space for adding new things

B. you may never have your wetside working

C. you may have no idea how to build your website

D. you may tire yourself out

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