问题 问答题 简答题

简述影响药物经皮吸收的因素。

答案

参考答案:(1)药物性质的影响:①药物的溶解性与油/水分配系数(K)。②药物的分子量。经皮吸收制剂宜选用分子量小、药理作用强的小剂量药物。③药物的熔点。低熔点的药物容易渗透通过皮肤。④药物在基质中的状态影响其吸收量。溶液态药物>混悬态药物,微粉>细粒。

(2)基质性质的影响:①基质的特性与亲和力。②基质的pH值能使药物分子型(非解离型)有利于药物的经皮吸收。③基质对皮肤水合作用的影响。

(3)透皮吸收促进剂的影响。

(4)皮肤因素的影响:皮肤的渗透性是影响药物透皮吸收的重要因素。

填空题

缺词填空。

     A Bag of Kindness "Boys and girls, tomorrow I want you to bring a cup of macaroni (通心粉) for our

craft class, OK?" These (1)w______  from my teacher rang in my mind all evening. I was afraid of the next

day

because I knew we had no macaroni at home. Living in an alcoholic (嗜酒的) family, we never had too

much of anything (2)e______ beer bottles.

     I went home after school. Where could I find macaroni? I knew that the local bottle shop gave ten cents

for a beer bottle, so I decided to sell some bottles to get money for macaroni.

     I started to (3)c______ the bottles. After selling those bottles, I earned eighty cents. Although I did my

(4)b______, I still had no macaroni for my craft class. "Weren't you (5)l______when I asked you to bring it,

John?" my teacher asked. I went red in the face. I didn't know what to say and other children started laughing.

Then a little girl, Rosalyn, who sat beside me turned to me and said,"You can have some of (6)m______."She

offered a bag of macaroni to me. The (7)k______ in her eyes made me cry and I ran out of the room.

     I (8)n ______ took her macaroni or thanked her for her bag of kindness. However, I often think about

Rosalyn and the way she turned to save me that day. I used to spend a great deal of my life complaining and

keep kind people like Rosalyn (9)a______. After that class, I (10)c______. I am grateful to all the people like

Rosalyn that made this world a better place to live in.

判断题