问题 填空题

以富含硫酸亚铁的工业废液为原料生产氧化铁的工艺流程如下(部分操作和条件略):

I.从废液中提纯并结晶出FeSO4·7H2O;

Ⅱ.将FeSO4·7H2O配制成溶液;

Ⅲ.将FeSO4溶液与稍过量的NH4HCO3溶液混合,得到含FeCO3的浊液;

Ⅳ.将浊液过滤,用90℃热水洗涤沉淀,干燥后得到FeCO3固体;

V.煅烧FeCO3,得到Fe2O3固体;

已知:NH4HCO3在热水中分解。

(1)I中,加足量的铁屑除去废液中的Fe3+,该反应的离子方程式是____。

(2)Ⅱ中,需加一定量硫酸,运用化学平衡原理简述硫酸的作用______________。

(3)Ⅲ中,生成FeCO3的离子方程式是________。若FeCO3浊液长时间暴露在空气中,会有部分固体表面变为红褐色,该变化的化学方程式是_____________。

(4)Ⅳ中,通过检验SO42-来判断沉淀是否洗涤干净。检验SO42-的操作是 __________。

(5)已知煅烧FeCO3的化学方程式是:4FeCO3+O22Fe2O3+4CO2,现煅烧464.0 kg FeCO3,得到316.8 kg产品,若产品中杂质只有Fe2O3,则该产品中Fe2O3的质量是____kg。

答案

(1) 2Fe3+ +Fe==3Fe2+

(2)加入硫酸,H+浓度增大,使Fe2+ +2H2O==Fe(OH)2+2H+的平衡逆向移动,从而抑制FeSO4水解

(3)Fe2+ +2HCO3-==FeCO3↓+CO2↑+H2O;4FeCO3+6H2O+O2==4Fe(OH)3↓+4CO2

(4)取少量洗涤后的滤液放入试管中,滴加HCl酸化过的BaCl2溶液,若无白色沉淀生成则说明洗涤干净

(5)288.0

完形填空

Alcohol is often taken as a symbol of a special celebration or as a sign of friendship.So it is    36   to see people toasting with a large glass of alcohol to the health or fortune.   37  , every year, alcohol also ruins thousands of lives and destroys many happy families .  

Some people drink alcohol to   38    their tension or pain. They   39   think that through drinking, they can   40    from their problems and worries. But it is never a   41  .During those hours of drinking, alcohol only numbs(麻木)their senses and makes them forget their worries.   42  , when they wake up, their problems are still unsolved .

A   43   alcohol drinker is running the great   44  of getting heart diseases and liver(肝脏)failure. Too much alcohol taken into the body system, death will    45   occur. Alcohol also affects unborn babies    46  . Those pregnant mothers with    47    alcohol in their blood system risk    48  their unborn babies to suffer from defects(缺陷)at birth.     49   , babies are innocent victims due to their mothers’ mistake. Therefore they should be extremely cautious of any alcohol and it is better to    50   all drinking during pregnancy(怀孕期).  

Drunken driving is one of the worst   51   of alcohol abuse. Every year, many lives are lost due to   52   driving on roads and highways. A drunk driver cannot see and judge the distance   clearly and will find it difficult to control his vision and   53    on the road,so he    54    control over his reflexes. That is    55   accidents occur. Not only does he hurt himself but also other innocent road users.

36.A.normal                 B.common             C.ideal                  D. regular

37.A.Accidently            B. Fortunately        C.Excitedly           D. Unfortunately

38. A. relieve                      B.increase              C.create                 D.produce

39. A.usually                B.surely            C. mistakenly            D. aimlessly

40. A.differ                  B. solve                 C. cancel              D. escape

41. A. success               B. solution            C. fact                  D. decision

42. A. However             B. Meanwhile        C. So                   D. Besides

43. A. social                 B. heavy                  C. addicted           D.light

44. A.advantages           B.possessions         C.risks                  D.measures

45. A. eventually           B. probably           C.hardly                D.strongly

46. A.anxiously            B. disastrously          C. extensively        D.differently

47. A. proper                B.little                  C. excessive           D.no

48. A. causing              B.making                     C. having              D.protecting

49. A.Above all             B.First of all          C.All in all           D. After all

50.A. run out                      B.leave out            C. cut out             D.carry out

51.A. reasons                      B. causes              C. effects              D. examples

52. A. drunken             B.normal               C.careless              D. dangerous

53.A. patience              B.emotion             C. judgement         D.imagination

54.A.manages to           B.tries to               C.refuses to           D.fails to

55.A.when                    B.what                  C.where            D. how

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