问题 材料题

阅读材料,完成下列各题。

材料一 英法两国代议制发展简要进程

——摘编自《欧洲近现代历史上宪政民主政制的生成、建构与演进》

材料二 从世界史的观点看,美国的革命之所以重要,并不是因为它创造了一个独立的国家,而是因为它创造了一个新的、不同类型的国家。《独立宣言》已宣布:“我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的:人人生而平等。”于是,美国人民在革命期间和革命之后,通过了旨在使这一宣言不仅在纸面上而且在生活中得到实现的种种法律。他们没收并分配了亲英分子的大地产,将公民权扩大,所有成年男子(但不包括妇女)都拥有了选举权。许多州政府通过了禁止输入奴隶的法律。已建的教会被废除,宗教信仰自由成为国家的法律。十三个州都正式通过了包括 * * 在内的宪法,这一宪法保证公民天赋的权利。一个独立的共和国在美洲的建立,在欧洲被广泛地解释为:它意味着启蒙运动的思想是切实可行的——一个民族有可能建立一个国家,有可能制定一种建立在个 * * 利基础上的切实可行的政体。于是,美国成为自由和机会的一个象征,作为一块新的、没有历史负担和枷锁的大陆而受人羡慕。——斯塔夫里阿诺斯《全球通史》

(1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,指出英、法两国代议制民主在发展进程中体现的不同特点并简析其原因。

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(2)结合所学知识,简要评述材料二中关于美国革命的认识。

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答案

(1)特点:英国:体现出和平渐进的特色;贵族在革命中起主导作用(或者议会在变革中起主导作用)。

法国:伴随着不断革命的历程,表现出浓厚的激进色彩;较多受到民众力量的推动。

原因:英国和法国的历史传统有所不同,英国有限制君权的传统,而法国的君主权力相对强势;法国受启蒙思想的影响较大,尤其是卢梭的激进民主思想;外部因素对两国革命的影响不同。

(2)创造出新的共和制政体;实践了启蒙思想的基本原则;实现了政教分离;用宪法和法律保障了公民的天赋权利,体现了美国资产阶级的首创精神;为美国的资本主义发展奠定了制度基础;对人类的政治民主化进程产生了深远影响。

阅读理解
A teenage girl couldn’ t stand her family rules , so she left home.
She wanted to be a star and became famous. But she had a little education and      years later, she had to ask for food on the street for a living. Now her father has died. Her mother is an old woman. But she is still       her daughter. She has been to every corner of the city. Everywhere she goes, she       a big photo of her daughter on the wall. At the lower part of the photo she writes,“I still love you… Come back home! ”
One day, the daughter saw one of the photos. She was so surprised that she couldn’t believe her       .“Is that me?” She moved       and read the words,“I still love you…” She cried. She couldn’t wait        back home. When she got home, it was early morning. She pushed the door. The door opened itself. She rushed to the bedroom at once. Her mother was sleeping there. She        her mother up,“It’s me! Your daughter is back home!” The mother and daughter looked at each other with excitement, full of happy tears. The daughter asked, “         is the door unlocked? A thief could get in.” The mother answered softly,“The door has never locked      you left. We miss you all the time. We believe that you’ll come back some day.”
As everyone knows, parents love their children forever. Children should also understand their parents and share their happiness, sadness, even everything with their parents.      _ this way, both parents and children can be happy.
小题1:
A.a littleB.a fewC.muchD.more
小题2:
A.looking forB.looking afterC.looking atD.looking up
小题3:
A.sets onB.puts upC.cuts upD.makes up
小题4:
A.eyesB.earsC.noseD.head
小题5:
A.fartherB.furtherC.closerD.away .
小题6:
A.goingB.goC.to goneD.to go
小题7:
A.wakeB.wakesC.wokeD.waking
小题8:
A.whatB.whoC.whenD.why
小题9:
A.sinceB.forC.beforeD.unless
小题10:
A.WithB.InC.ByD.On
单项选择题