问题 问答题 案例分析题

阅读材料,同答下列问题。

材料一:中 * * 党第十八届三中全会于2013年11月9日至12日在北京举行。全会审议通过了《中 * * 关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》。(以下简称《决定》)《决定》提出,坚持人民主体地位,推进人民代表大会制度理论和实践创新,发挥人民代表大会制度的根本政治制度作用。完善中国特色社会主义法律体系,提高立法质量。健全“一府两院”由人大产生、对人大负责、受人大监督制度。健全人大讨论、决定重大事项制度,各级政府重大决策出台前向本级人大报告。加强人大常委会同人大代表的联系,充分发挥代表作用。通过建立健全代表联络机构、网络平台等形式密切代表同人民群众联系。完善人大工作机制,通过座谈、听证、评估、公布法律草案等扩大公民有序参与立法途径。

材料二:“一行白鹭上青天,我被堵在最中间”,年年清明年年堵,拥堵成了假日“常态”。今年清明,为了保证道路畅通,交通部门提前做了各种部署,尽管收到一定效果,但因休假集中、免费政策,基础硬件和相关制度配套不完善等多方面原因,多数高速公路依然难以高速。除了拥堵的车道,更令人心情不愉快的是高速公路上的各种不文明行为。加塞、超车、占用应急车道等违规行驶都给本不堪重负的高速公路带来更大的拥堵。

结合材料一,运用发展社会主义民主政治的有关知识,说明应如何坚持人民主体地位、发挥根本政治制度的作用?

答案

参考答案:

①坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国的有机统一,扩大公民有序参与政治生活的途径,保障人民当家作主。

②国家权力机关要代表人民行使立法权、决定权、任免权、监督权。

③人民代表要代表人民的利益和意志,依法行使职权,密切联系群众,努力为人民服务,对人民负责,接受人民监督。

④坚持民主集中制的组织和活动原则,正确处理权力机关与人民、权利机关与其他国家机关的关系。

解析:

本题考查政治生活的相关知识。知识指向明确,要求回答社会主义民主政治的相关知识。材料中明确指出如何发挥根本政治制度的作用,所以考生要从我国的根本政治制度的角度来回答。我国的根本政治制度即人民代表大会制度。所以要坚持人民的主体地位,要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国的有机统一;要求国家权力机关代表人民行使职权、要求人民代表要代表人民的意志和利益、要坚持民主集中制的原则。本题难度较大。

考点:人大代表的职权、民主集中制、社会主义民主政治等知识

点评:该题的关键是把握“发挥根本政治制度的作用”这个限定条件,人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度,故该题需要运用人民代表大会制度有关的知识进行分析。从人民代表大会制度坚持民主集中制原则,正确处理人大代表与人民的关系,国家权力机关充分行使权力,坚持党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国的有机统一等角度具体回答。

多项选择题
问答题

Exactly where we will stand in the long war against disease by the year 2050 is impossible to say. (46) But if developments in research maintain their current pace, it seems likely that a combination of improved attention to dietary and environmental factors, along with advances in gene therapy and protein targeted drugs, will have virtually eliminated most major classes of disease.

From an economic standpoint, the best news may be that these accomplishments .could be accompanied by a drop in health-care costs. (47) Costs may even fall as diseases ’are brought under control using pinpointed, short-term therapies now being developed. By 2050 there will be fewer hospitals, and surgical procedures will be largely restricted to the treatment of accidents and other forms of trauma. Spending on nonacute care, both in nursing facilities and in homes, will also fall sharply as more elderly people lead healthy lives until close to death.

One result of medicine’s success in controlling disease will be a dramatic increase in life expectancy. (48) The extent of that increase is a highly speculative matter, but it is worth noting that medical science has already helped to make the very old (currently defined as those over 85 years of age) the fastest growing segment of the population. Between 1960 and 1995, the U.S. population as a whole increased by about 45%, while the segment over 85 years of age grew by almost 300%. (49) There has been a similar explosion in the population of centenarians, with the result that survival to the age of 100 is no longer the newsworthy feat that it was only a few decades ago. U.S. Census Bureau projections already forecast dramatic increase in the number of centenarians in the next 50 years: 4 million in 2050, compared with 37, 000 in 1990.

(50) Although Census Bureau calculations project an increase in average life span of only eight years by the year 2050, some experts believe that the human life span should not begin to encounter any theoretical natural limits before 120. years. With continuing

(50) Although Census Bureau calculations project an increase in average life span of only eight years by the year 2050, some experts believe that the human life span should not begin to encounter any theoretical natural limits before 120. years.