问题 问答题 简答题

病理声音

答案

参考答案:

声音的辨别要注意语声的有无、语调的高低、强弱、清浊、钝锐以及有无异常声响,以供辨证参考。一般来说,语声高亢洪亮有力,声音连续者,多属阳证、实证、热证,是阳盛气实、功能亢奋的表现。语声低微细弱,懒言,声音断续,或前重后轻,多属阴证、虚证、寒证,多为禀赋不足、气血虚损所致。(1)声重:语声重浊,称为声重。多属外感风寒或湿浊阻滞,肺气不宣,鼻窍不通所致。临床常伴有鼻塞、流涕或咳嗽、痰多等症。(2)音哑、失音:语声嘶哑者称为音哑,语而无声者,称为失音,或瘖(喑)。前者病轻,后者病重。新病音哑或失音者,多属实证,多因外感风寒或风热袭肺,或痰湿壅肺,肺失清肃,邪闭清窍所致,即所谓"金实不鸣"。久病音哑或失音者,多属虚证,常因各种原因导致阴虚火旺,肺肾精气内伤所致,即所谓"金破不鸣"。暴怒喊叫或持续高声宣讲,伤及喉咙所致音哑或失音者,亦属气阴耗伤之类。妊娠后期出现音哑或失音者,称为妊娠失音,有称子瘖,多为胞胎阻碍经脉,肾精不能上荣所致,分娩后即愈,一般不需治疗。(3)鼻鼾:熟睡时或昏迷发出的声音。是气道不利所发出的异常呼吸声。熟睡鼾声若无其他明显症状,多因慢性鼻病,或睡姿不当所致。体胖、年老之人较常见。若昏睡不醒或神识昏迷的病人鼾声不绝者,多属高热神昏,或中风入脏之危候。(4)呻吟:指病痛难忍所发出的痛苦哼哼声,多为身有痛楚或胀满。呻吟声高亢有力,多为实证、剧痛。久病而呻吟低微无力,多为虚证。(5)惊呼:患者突然发出的惊叫声。其声尖锐,表情惊恐,多为剧痛或惊恐所致。小儿阵发惊呼,多是惊风。成人发出惊呼,除惊恐外,多属剧痛,或精神失常。

完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Preparing for tomorrow
Sixth-grade schoolteacher Ms.Shelton believed in readiness.Students remembered how she walked in on the first day of class and began writing words of eighth-grade on the   36   .They quickly protested that the words were not on their    37    and they couldn’t learn them.
Their teacher insisted that the students could and would learn these    38   .She said that she would teach them something that should be given.Ms.Shelton    39    by saying that one of the students in the classroom could go on to   40   , maybe even be president someday, and she wanted to prepare them for that day.
Ms.Shelton spoke those words many years ago.  41    did she know that someday one of her students—Jesse Jackson—would take them    42   .She believed that if they were well prepared, they could   43   high goals.
Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, “People only see what they are    44    to see.” If that’s true, then it is also   45    that they only become what they are prepared to become.And many things in life are just about getting ready.
“I want to be doing something more    46    with my life than what I am doing now,” a young man once said to me.He    47    what he was doing was just not that important.Other people have said things to me such as, “I only   48    I had a meaningful relationship.” And, “I’d really like to get a better job, but I just don’t see   49   .”
You fill in the blanks.What is it you would like to    50    that isn’t happening? Perhaps the answer is that you are not yet   51   .Maybe you need more time to prepare before you are truly ready for that which you   52   .
Think of today as another chance to  53   yourself for the exciting future you are looking for.Today is not wasted.If you desire more from    54   , then you can use today as training.For you will experience only what you are prepared to   55   .Something wonderful can happen.And you can use today to get ready for tomorrow.
小题1:
A.deskB.wallC.chalkboardD.door
小题2:
A.dutyB.deskC.mindD.level
小题3:
A.wordsB.grammarsC.pronunciationsD.sentences
小题4:
A.startedB.endedC.warnedD.reminded
小题5:
A.greatnessB.wealthC.honorD.failure
小题6:
A.SeldomB.LittleC.HardlyD.Totally
小题7:
A.nervouslyB.eagerlyC.seriouslyD.simply
小题8:
A.keepB.haveC.setD.achieve
小题9:
A.preparedB.forcedC.attractedD.tempted
小题10:
A.properB.exactC.legalD.true
小题11:
A.difficultB.significantC.pleasantD.interesting
小题12:A.boasted  B.behaved    C.felt    D looked
小题13:
A.wishB.expectC.hopeD.imagine
小题14:
A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how
小题15:
A.surviveB.happenC.gainD.win
小题16:
A.adventurousB.activeC.readyD.intelligent
小题17:
A.concernB.arrangeC.adoreD.desire
小题18:
A.prepareB.enjoyC.imagineD.conduct
小题19:
A.historyB.natureC.lifeD.marriage
小题20:
A.sufferB.experienceC.struggleD.work
单项选择题 B型题