问题 单项选择题

在古代欧洲,有过这样一首诗:那时候,上面的青天还没有称呼,下面的大地也没有名字,其阿玛诗(即海洋)是大家的生母,万物都和水连在一起。这首诗体现的是()

A.朴素唯物主义观点

B.形而上学唯物主义观点

C.辩证唯物主义观点

D.客观唯心主义观点

答案

参考答案:A

解析:唯物主义在其历史发展中形成了三种基本形态,即古代朴素唯物主义、近代形而上学唯物主义以及现代辩证唯物主义。其中,古代朴素唯物主义,否认世界是神创造的,认为世界是物质的,但它把物质归结为具体的物质形态,如水、火、气、土等,把复杂的问题简单化了。本题材料中“那时候,上面的青天还没有称呼,下面的大地也没有名字,其阿玛诗(即海洋)是大家的生母,万物都和水连在一起”的观点,强调的是水是世界的本原,属于典型的古代朴素唯物主义的观点,故A项符合题意,可以入选;B、C、D三项不符合题意,故不能入选。因此,答案是A项。考点:本题考查唯物主义的相关知识。

阅读理解

We know that many animals do not stay in one place. Birds,fish and other animals move from one place  to another at a certain time. They move for different reasons: most of them move to find food more easily,but others move to get away from places that are too crowded.

When cold weather comes,many birds move to warmer places to find food. Some fishes give birth in warm water and move to cold water to feed. The most famous migration(迁移)is probably the migration of the fish which is called “salmon”.This fish is born in fresh water but it travels many miles to salt water.There it spends its life. When it is old,it returns to its birthplace in fresh water. Then it gives birth and dies. In northern Europe, there is a kind of mouse. They leave their mountain homes when they bccome too crowded. They move down to the low land. Sometimes they move all the way the seadide,and many of them are killed when they fall into the sea.

Recently, scientists have studied the migration of kind of lobster(龙虾).Every year, when the season of the bad weather arrives, the lobsters get into a long line and start to walk across the floor of the ocean. Nobody knows why they do this, and nobody know where they go.

So,sometimes we know why humans and animals move from one place to another,but at other times we don’t. Maybe living things just like to travel.

小题1:.Most animals move from one place to another at a certain time to _____

A.give birth        B.enjoy warmer weather   C.find food more easily

小题2:The fish called “salmon”spends a long time in____

A.salt water        B.rivers                 C.fresh water

小题3:The mice in northern Europe move when_____

A.they give birth   B.the place gets too crowded

C.they haven’t enough food

小题4: The lobsters move_______.

A.to the fresh water   B.at a certain time  C.to find more food

小题5:What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Animals move to find food more easily.

B.The migration of the fish called“salmon”is the most famous migration.

C.Sometimes we know why and how living things move from one place to another,but sometimes we don’t.

单项选择题