问题 问答题 案例分析题

2015年年底召开的中央经济工作会议强调,稳定经济增长,要更加注重供给侧结构性改革,积极稳妥化解产能过剩,妥善处理“僵尸企业”。

材料一:随着经济发展进入新常态,很多地方都出现了占据大量厂房、土地等资源却不产生效益的“僵尸企业”。由于地方政府对经济发展速度的过分看重和名目繁多的产业扶持政策存在,使得当前一些“僵尸企业”僵而不死。对此,相关部门和专家认为应运用市场思维和法治方式对涉困企业进行异化处置,有效解决经济转型期“僵尸企业”挤占要素资源、扭曲市场信号的问题。

材料二:某省政府根据国家统一部署,制定和实施推动产业重组、处置“僵尸企业”的方案,多措并举化解产能过剩。通过严格环保、能耗、技术等标准,加快淘汰煤炭、钢铁、水泥、电镀等高耗能、高污染行业落后产能,进一步优化市场环境、法治环境和政策环境,引导扭亏无望企业主动退出,实现市场出清。分类有序处置、多兼并重组、少破产清算,妥善安置好职工,保障其基本生活,引导“僵尸企业”平衡退出。

结合材料一和所学经济知识,分析现阶段我国清理处置“僵尸企业”的原因,并说明应如何更好地发挥市场在处置这些企业中的作用。

答案

参考答案:

清理处置“僵尸企业”是尊重市场经济规律,加强供给侧结构性改革,提高供给体系质量和效率的必然要求;企业是市场经济活动的主要参加者,清理处置“僵尸企业:有利于激发企业活力,推动经济持续健康发展;有利于淘汰落后产能,优化产业结构,提升资源配置效率。完善价格、供求、竞争机制;建立统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系;维护公平、公正的市场秩序。

解析:本题考查经济生活的相关知识,要求考生分析现阶段我国清理处置“僵尸企业”的原因,然后说明如何更好地发挥市场在处置这些企业中的作用。第一问,需要从材料中找出僵尸企业的消极影响。材料中强调了僵尸企业占据大量厂房、土地等资源却不产生效益,同时由于政府的扶持而是其僵而不死,所以考生从尊重市场规律、有利于激发企业活力、淘汰落后产能,优化产业结构,有利于提升资源配置效率等方面回答。第二问,强调了市场的作用,所以从市场如何配置资源方面分析即可,即完善价格、供求、竞争机制;建立统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系;维护公平、公正的市场秩序等等。

阅读理解

"He who can have patience can have what he wants," said Benjamin Franklin. They say patience is a virtue (美德) seldom found in women and never in men. This may or may not be true, but it's fair to say that there is nobody on the earth who couldn't benefit from more patience.

Patience is necessary for success.

It is said that "all good things come to those who wait". Many of the great scientists have remarked that their scientific discoveries came only through patient perseverance (坚持). Edison said, "Genius was 99% perspiration and only 1% inspiration." Patience teaches us to value the effort and not just the success. It is a mistake to think that happiness can only be obtained through achievements.

Patience brings peace of mind.

When we desire certain outcomes (结果), we'll have no peace of mind. Even if one desire is filled, the nature of desire is that more will appear in its place. There is no end to human desires. Patience means we will work with an attitude of detachment (超然).

Patience can transform suffering into joy.

Throughout life we suffer injustice; the best healer is patience. Through being patient and accepting our situation, it's quite possible for our suffering to be transformed.

Sri Chinmoy said, "If failure has the strength to turn your life into bitterness itself, then patience has the strength to turn your life into the sweetest joy."

小题1:Whose saying supports the idea that patience makes a person joyful?

A.Franklin's

B.Edison's

C.Chinmoy's

D.Einstein's小题2:In the writer's opinion, _____ .

A.human desires will easily be filled

B.patience is a virtue seldom found in a person

C.happiness can only be obtained through success

D.patience is the best medicine of suffering小题3:How is the whole passage organized?

A.General-detail-general.

B.General-detail.

C.Detail-general-detail.

D.Detail-general.小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.We All Need Patience

B.Patience Means Success

C.Benefits of Patience

D.We Should Not Be patient

多项选择题