问题 问答题 案例分析题

良好的市场环境是市场经济健康发展的保障,这就需要各个市场主体有所作为。阅读材料,回答问题。

2015年12月14日被誉为香港“反垄断法”的香港《竞争条例》正式生效,条例规定,商户不得做出合谋定价、编配市场、限制产量和围标等4类严重反竞争行为。有分析认为,条例实施后,零售商有望自主定价,消费者将拥有更多选择。香港特区商务及经济发展局局长苏锦梁祢,这是促进自由市场竞争的历史性里程碑。

《竞争条例》的实施,令市场环境保持公平和开放,中小企业和消费者都会受惠。对中小企业来说,条例令大企业难以滥用其市场支配地位或采用反竞争的手法破坏市场竞争,得到更多进入市场的机会,并能更自由地进行贸易或营商。对消费者来说,一个具竞争的环境,会带来更多选择、更佳价格及更高质素的产品与服务。

市场经济的健康发展需要反对破坏市场竞争的行为。企业是最重要的市场主体,理应成为维护市场秩序的主力军,然而,却有部分企业公然破坏市场规则。对此现象怎么看?运用所学经济知识加以分析。

答案

参考答案:

企业是以营利为目的的经济组织,其行为与企业的性质与目的有关。市场调节具有自发性,部分企业缺乏社会责任感,为盈利采取了一些不合法的手段。政府宏观调控不到位,监管不力也是原因之一。部分企业破坏市场规则,不利于市场秩序的维护,不利于经济发展。政府要加强监管,科学宏观调控,防止违规违法行为。企业要诚信经营、遵守法律、公平竞争,自觉承担社会责任。

解析:

本题考查经济知识,设问指向对部分企业公然破坏市场规则现象的认识,属于认识类主观题。回答认识类主观题应从是什么、为什么、怎么办三个角度来作答,即部分企业破坏市场规则体现了什么现象、为什么会出现该现象、针对该现象相关主体应该怎么解决。

【考点】市场秩序

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     As an English teacher, one of the most common problems I've found with my students is their

lack of confidence with speaking, and difficulty in understanding native speakers. Another problem

could be that a foreign language taught in schools can sound quite different to what native speakers

actually use.

     There are a few English words and expressions that I'd never heard until I came to China. The

most common one in my experience is "How are you? I'm fine, thank you, and you?"

     I appreciate that although this greeting is much too formal for everyday use - it's easy to learn

and helps build confidence. However, it can be a hard habit to break. I've seen many parents correct

their kids if they don't use that exact phrase, as if simply replying "I'm fine" would somehow be rude.

In fact I'm banning my students from saying that in the classroom, insisting a simple "I'm fine, thanks"

is good enough.

     "Seldom" is another one that I find interesting. The first time a student told me "I seldom watch

TV", my initial reaction was a stupefied look, followed by "Huh?" I then realized the student used

"seldom" when it's more common for us to use "rarely."

     I was just as confused when I first heard a toilet referred to as a WC (water closet), another

English term I'd never heard of back in Australia. Of course, my students know the other names

for it like bathroom, toilet, washroom etc. so to prefer that name is an interesting choice.  

     I don't mind that my students have substituted familiar English words with their own, far from it.

It reminds me how creative they can be with not only their language, but with mine as well. It's healthy

for English to evolve (进化) and change and I'm happy to add these new words to my vocabulary.

     One important lesson I've learnt is that textbooks can only help you so much. For further

improvement you'd better practice with native speakers.

1. What does the article mainly tell about?

A. Learning English needs confidence.

B. Native speakers are hard to understand.

C. Chinese-English has something different.

D. Chinese students are more creative.

2. The problem with the reply "I'm fine, thank you, and you?" is that it is _____.

A. too long to remember

B. not popular with native speakers

C. sometimes misunderstood

D. considered impolite by native speakers

3. The writer mentioned parents correcting their kids to show that in China _____.

A. speaking English at home has become a habit

B. the exact reply has been trained into a habit

C. some parents are not qualified to teach English

D. children don't always obey their teachers

4. It's possible for us to hear an Australian say "We _____ use the term '_____' for a toilet."

A. seldom;  bathroom

B. rarely;  washroom

C. seldom;  WC

D. rarely;  WC

5. What is the writer's attitude towards his students using Chinese-English?

A. He's tolerant.  

B. He's angry.

C. He feels uncomfortable.  

D. He pays no attention.

单项选择题