对下图的解读，正确的是（）
A.德国工业化进程始终缓慢
B.列强侵略造成中国工业产值不断下降
C.工业革命开始时中国工业产值落后于德国
D.社会制度的变迁造成两国经济地位的逆转
参考答案：D
解析：本题主要考查学生准确解读历史表格等素材，并作出正确判断的能力。结合所学知识，分析选项：A．德国工业化进程始终缓慢，“始终”，表述错误；B．中国工业产值不是因为列强侵略才下降的，是制度；C．工业革命开始时中国高于德国。结合所学知识，可知，德国统一后，再加上第二次工业革命的开展，资本主义发展迅速，很快跃升为欧洲强国。而中国的经济大政策始终是重农抑商，再加上清朝的闭关锁国政策，中国工业产值在世界中的比重在同一时期，与欧洲相比，一直处于下降趋势。综上所述，故，正确答案选D。考点：资本主义世界市场的形成与发展·工业革命·德国第二次工业革命的影响；古代中国的经济·重农抑商经济政策·闭关锁国政策
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| The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon sporting event hosted by the city of Boston, Massachusetts, on Patriots’ Day, the third Monday of April. Begun in 1897 and inspired by the success of the first modem-day marathon competition in the 1896 Summer Olympics, the Boston Marathon is the world’s oldest annual marathon and ranks as one of the world’s most well-known road racing events. The marathon is one of five members of the World Marathon Majors. The event attracts an average of about 20,000 registered participants each year. In the 100th running of the Boston Marathon in 1996, the number of participants reached 38,000. While there are cash prizes awarded to the winners of the marathon, most of the runners participate for the accomplishment of having run the race at all. The Boston Marathon was originally a local event, but its fame and status have attracted runners from all over the world. For most of its history, the Boston Marathon was a free event, and the only prize awarded for winning the race was a wreath woven from olive branches. However, corporate-sponsored cash prizes began to be awarded in the 1980s, when professional athletes began to refuse to run the race without cash awards. The first cash prize for winning the marathon was awarded in 1986. Women were not allowed to enter the Boston Marathon officially until 1972. Roberta (Bobbi) Gibb is recognized as the first woman to run the entire Boston Marathon (in 1966). In 1967, Kathrine Switzer, who had registered as "K. V. Switzer", was the first woman to run with a race number. She finished, despite a celebrated incident in which race official Jock Semple tried to rip off her numbers and eject her from the race. In 1996 the B.A.A. retroactively recognized as champions the unofficial women’s leaders of 1966 through 1971. In recent years, critics have pointed to the dominance of foreign-born athletes in the event (especially runners from Kenya) to back their arguments that American professional running is lagging behind the rest of the world in terms of producing quality athletes. However, foreign dominance of the race is nothing new. Between 1946 and 1967 only one American (John J. Kelley in 1957) won the marathon in an era when Finland and Japan were the distance powerhouses. The Boston marathon is open to all runners, male and female, from any nation, but they must meet certain qualifying standards. To qualify, a runner must first complete a standard marathon course certified by a national governing body affiliated with the International Association of Athletics Federations within a certain period of time before the date of the desired Boston Marathon (usually within approximately 18 months prior). Prospective runners in the age range of 18-- 34 must run a time of no more than 3:10:59 (3 hours and 10 minutes) if male, or 3:40:59 (3 hours and 40 minutes) if female; the qualifying time is adjusted upward as age increases. For example, a 40--44 year old male can still qualify with a time of 3:20:59. An exception to the qualification requirement is awarded to 1,250 runners who raise a pre-determined level of sponsorship for officially designated local charities. Besides the Olympic trials and the Olympic marathons, Boston is the only major American marathon that requires a qualifying time. Thus for many marathoners to qualify for Boston (to "BQ") is a goal and achievement in itself, making it a "people’s Olympic event." |
Most of marathoners take part in the race to
A．win cash prizes.
B．attract audience.
C．achieve success.
D．win an oliye-branch-woven wreath.